A nurse is collecting data for a client’s health history as well as physical examination.
Which of the following information should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
History of exercise-induced asthma.
Age 35 years.
History of mumps.
BMI 32.2.
The Correct Answer is D
BMI 32.2.
A high body mass index (BMI) is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, as it indicates overweight or obesity.
Overweight or obesity can cause insulin resistance, which means the body cells do not respond well to insulin and cannot take up glucose from the blood. This leads to high blood sugar levels and diabetes.
Choice A is wrong because history of exercise-induced asthma is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Asthma is a respiratory condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, but it does not affect the metabolism of glucose or insulin.
Choice B is wrong because age 35 years is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Although the risk of diabetes increases with age, especially after 45 years, it can also occur in younger people.
Age alone is not enough to cause diabetes.
Choice C is wrong because history of mumps is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Mumps is a viral infection that affects the salivary glands, but it does not damage the pancreas or impair insulin production.
Some other risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are family history, race or ethnicity, physical inactivity, prediabetes, gestational diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and smoking.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The nurse should instruct the client to avoid bananas because they are one of the foods that can cause a cross-reaction with latex allergy. This means that people who are allergic to latex may also have an allergic reaction to bananas because they contain similar proteins.
Choice A is wrong because wheat is not a latex cross-reactive food.
Choice B is wrong because strawberries are a low or undetermined cross- reactive food.
Choice C is wrong because peanuts are a low or undetermined cross-reactive food.
Some other foods that the nurse should instruct the client to avoid are avocado, kiwi, chestnut, papaya, and potato. These foods have a high or moderate association with latex cross-reactions. The client should also be careful with other fruits and vegetables that may contain similar proteins to latex.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
It occurs because nicotine stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood and pleasure. When nicotine intake is stopped, dopamine levels drop and cause anxiety and irritability.
Choice A is wrong because tachycardia, or rapid heart rate, is not a symptom of nicotine withdrawal. In fact, smoking can increase blood pressure and heart rate, so quitting smoking may lower them.
Choice C is wrong because weight loss is not a symptom of nicotine withdrawal. On the contrary, weight gain is more likely to occur after quitting smoking, because nicotine suppresses appetite and increases metabolism.
Choice D is wrong because vomiting is not a symptom of nicotine withdrawal. Vomiting may be a side effect of some nicotine replacement therapies, such as patches or gum, but it is not caused by the lack of nicotine itself.
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