A nurse is collecting data for a client’s health history as well as physical examination.
Which of the following information should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

History of exercise-induced asthma.

Age 35 years.

History of mumps.

BMI 32.2.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

BMI 32.2.

A high body mass index (BMI) is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, as it indicates overweight or obesity.

Overweight or obesity can cause insulin resistance, which means the body cells do not respond well to insulin and cannot take up glucose from the blood. This leads to high blood sugar levels and diabetes.

Choice A is wrong because history of exercise-induced asthma is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Asthma is a respiratory condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, but it does not affect the metabolism of glucose or insulin.

Choice B is wrong because age 35 years is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Although the risk of diabetes increases with age, especially after 45 years, it can also occur in younger people.

Age alone is not enough to cause diabetes.

Choice C is wrong because history of mumps is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Mumps is a viral infection that affects the salivary glands, but it does not damage the pancreas or impair insulin production.

Some other risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are family history, race or ethnicity, physical inactivity, prediabetes, gestational diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and smoking.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse should explain that the injection is administered in order to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in the newborn. Vitamin K is needed for blood clotting, but newborn babies have very low levels of vitamin K in their bodies at birth because only small amounts of the vitamin pass through the placenta and breast milk. VKDB can cause life-threatening bleeding in various parts of the body, such as the brain, intestines, or skin. VKDB can be classified into early-onset, classic, or late- onset depending on the time of presentation after birth. The most effective way to prevent VKDB is to give a single intramuscular dose of 0.5 to 1 mg of vitamin K to all newborn infants within 6 hours of birth.

Choice A is wrong because sepsis is not caused by vitamin K deficiency, but by bacterial infection.

Choice B is wrong because tachypnea is not caused by vitamin K deficiency, but by respiratory distress or other conditions.

Choice D is wrong because jaundice is not caused by vitamin K deficiency, but by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.

A. Coughing while eating. B. Fine motor tremors. C. Facial flushing. D. Urinary incontinence.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Coughing while eating after a stroke may be caused by dysphagia, a swallowing disorder that can lead to aspiration, pneumonia and infection. A speech-language pathologist can assess and treat dysphagia and help the client improve their swallowing function.

Choice B is wrong because fine motor tremors are not related to speech or language problems.

They may be caused by damage to the cerebellum or basal ganglia, parts of the brain that control movement and coordination.

Choice C is wrong because facial flushing is not related to speech or language problems.

It may be caused by high blood pressure, fever, anxiety or other conditions.

Choice D is wrong because urinary incontinence is not related to speech or language problems.

It may be caused by damage to the spinal cord, bladder, pelvic floor muscles or nerves that control urination.

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A nurse is collecting data for a client’s health history as well as physical examination. Which of the following information should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and asks the nurse why her newborn received a vitamin K injection. The nurse should explain that the injection is administered in order to prevent which of the following complications in the newborn?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is recovering from a recent stroke. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the need for a referral to a speech-language pathologist?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is collecting data for a client’s health history as well as physical examination.
Which of the following information should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?