A nurse is caring for an infant who has coarctation of the aorta.
Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected finding?

The correct answer is Choice D.

Choice A rationale: Requesting additional information about the caller's relationship to the client does not ensure the caller's identity is verified, and it could still result in a breach of confidentiality.

Choice B rationale: Providing a general update about the client's condition over the telephone is not appropriate, as it could breach the client's confidentiality.

Choice C rationale: Referring the family member to the client's provider for the update respects confidentiality and ensures that information is only provided to authorized individuals, maintaining the client's privacy.

Choice D rationale: Encouraging the family member to contact the client directly for information ensures that the client has control over their own information and maintains confidentiality. This action respects the client's privacy and autonomy.

The correct answer is Choice B

Choice A rationale: Advance directives are voluntary and revocable; clients can change their decisions at any time as long as they are mentally competent.

Choice B rationale: Discussing advance directives with family ensures clarity, reduces future conflict, and supports informed decision-making aligned with the client’s wishes.

Choice C rationale: Witnesses are typically required, but a partner’s presence is not legally mandated unless designated as a healthcare proxy.

Choice D rationale: Notarization is not universally required; validity depends on state laws, and many jurisdictions accept signed and witnessed documents without attorney involvement.