A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has been diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse notes the following:

Exhibits

When planning care for this client, the nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for which of the following?

Choice A reason: Gingival hyperplasia is a condition where the gums become enlarged and inflamed. It is a common side effect of Phenytoin, a medication used to treat seizures. The nurse should educate the client and the guardian about the importance of oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups to prevent or manage this condition.

Choice B reason: Hypoglycemia is a condition where the blood glucose level becomes too low. It is not a common side effect of albuterol, a medication used to treat asthma. Albuterol may cause tremors, tachycardia, or nervousness, but not hypoglycemia.

Choice C reason: Status epilepticus is a condition where seizures occur repeatedly without recovery. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. It may be triggered by exercise, but not necessarily. The nurse should ensure that the client has their seizure medication and rescue inhaler available at all times and knows how to use them.

Choice D reason: Bronchospasm is a condition where the airways become narrowed and obstructed. It is a common symptom of asthma, but not a side effect of Phenytoin. Phenytoin may cause other adverse effects, such as rash, nausea, or drowsiness, but not bronchospasm.

Choice A reason: Failure to thrive is not a likely condition, as it is a term used to describe inadequate growth or weight gain in children. The infant has a low weight percentile, but not below the 5th percentile, which is the usual cutoff for failure to thrive. The infant's length and head circumference are within the normal range, which also does not indicate failure to thrive.

Choice B reason: Microcephaly is not a probable condition, as it is a condition where the head size is much smaller than normal for the age and sex of the child. The infant has a high head circumference percentile, which is the opposite of microcephaly. Microcephaly can be caused by genetic disorders, infections, or brain damage.

Choice C reason: Hydrocephalus is a possible condition, as it is a condition where excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the brain, causing increased pressure and enlargement of the head. The infant has a high head circumference percentile, which can indicate hydrocephalus. The infant also has a low weight percentile, which can be a result of poor feeding or vomiting due to increased intracranial pressure. T

Choice D reason: Macrocephaly is not a definite condition, as it is a term used to describe a head size that is much larger than normal for the age and sex of the child. The infant has a high head circumference percentile, but not above the 97th percentile, which is the usual cutoff for macrocephaly. Macrocephaly can be caused by genetic factors, benign familial macrocephaly, or other conditions, such as hydrocephalus.