A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has been diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse notes the following:

Exhibits

When planning care for this client, the nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for which of the following?

Insulin therapy and fluid replacement

Glucagon injection and potassium supplements

Bicarbonate infusion and sodium restriction

Dextrose infusion and diuretics

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Insulin therapy and fluid replacement are the main treatments for DKA, as they lower the blood glucose level and correct the dehydration and electrolyte imbalance caused by osmotic diuresis and acidosis.

Choice B reason: Glucagon injection and potassium supplements are not indicated for DKA, as they may worsen the hyperglycemia and the hyperkalemia. Glucagon stimulates the liver to release more glucose into the bloodstream, while potassium supplements may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice C reason: Bicarbonate infusion and sodium restriction are not the first-line treatments for DKA, as they may have adverse effects on the acid-base balance and the fluid status. Bicarbonate infusion may cause paradoxical cerebral acidosis and hypokalemia, while sodium restriction may exacerbate the hyponatremia and the hypovolemia.

Choice D reason: Dextrose infusion and diuretics are contraindicated for DKA, as they may increase the blood glucose level and the dehydration. Dextrose infusion may trigger a rebound hyperglycemia, while diuretics may cause further fluid and electrolyte loss.

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Correct Answer is ["B"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not a sign of low blood glucose level, but of high blood glucose level. It is caused by osmotic diuresis, which occurs when the kidneys try to flush out the excess glucose from the blood.

Choice B reason: Tachycardia, or fast heart rate, is a sign of low blood glucose level. It is caused by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which releases adrenaline and other hormones to increase the blood glucose level and stimulate the heart.

Choice C reason: Dry, flushed skin is not a sign of low blood glucose level, but of high blood glucose level. It is caused by dehydration, which occurs when the body loses fluid due to polyuria and increased thirst.

Choice D reason: Deep, rapid respirations are not a sign of low blood glucose level, but of diabetic ketoacidosis, a complication of high blood glucose level. It is caused by the accumulation of ketones, which are acidic substances produced when the body breaks down fat for energy due to lack of insulin.

Choice E reason: Hunger is a sign of low blood glucose level. It is caused by the lack of glucose in the cells, which are the main source of energy for the body. The brain signals the body to eat more to raise the blood glucose level.

A. Encourage your child to avoid sharing hats with other children. B. The lice can survive for 2 weeks away from the host. C. Washing your child's hair daily will prevent lice. D. Lice can jump from one child to another.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Encouraging the child to avoid sharing hats with other children is a preventive measure to reduce the risk of lice transmission. Lice are spread by direct contact with the hair or personal items of an infested person. Hats, combs, brushes, scarves, and pillows are some of the items that can harbor lice.

Choice B reason: The lice can survive for 2 weeks away from the host is a false statement. Lice cannot live longer than 24 to 48 hours without a human host. They need blood to survive and reproduce. Therefore, this information is not helpful for the parents to prevent or treat lice.

Choice C reason: Washing your child's hair daily will prevent lice is a false statement. Lice are not a sign of poor hygiene or cleanliness. They can affect anyone regardless of how often they wash their hair. In fact, lice may prefer clean hair because it is easier to attach to. Therefore, this information is not helpful for the parents to prevent or treat lice.

Choice D reason: Lice can jump from one child to another is a false statement. Lice cannot jump, fly, or hop. They can only crawl from one person to another. Therefore, this information is not helpful for the parents to prevent or treat lice.

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A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has been diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse notes the following: Exhibits When planning care for this client, the nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for which of the following?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["B"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has been diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse notes the following:

Exhibits

When planning care for this client, the nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for which of the following?