A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old toddler in the emergency department who has Kawasaki disease. The nurse reviews the toddler's medical record and assessment findings. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Aspirin
Penicillin
Acetaminophen
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the main treatment for Kawasaki disease, as it reduces the inflammation of the blood vessels and the risk of coronary artery aneurysms. IVIG is given as a single infusion over 10 to 12 hours, within the first 10 days of the onset of fever.
Choice B reason: Aspirin is also used to treat Kawasaki disease, as it reduces the fever, pain, and inflammation. However, it is not the first-line treatment, and it is given after IVIG to prevent thrombosis and platelet aggregation. Aspirin is given at a high dose during the acute phase, and then at a low dose until the inflammation subsides.
Choice C reason: Penicillin is not indicated for Kawasaki disease, as it is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections. Kawasaki disease is not caused by bacteria, but by an unknown trigger that activates the immune system and causes systemic vasculitis.
Choice D reason: Acetaminophen is not effective for Kawasaki disease, as it does not reduce the inflammation or the risk of complications. Acetaminophen may be used to treat mild pain or fever, but it is not the main treatment. Moreover, acetaminophen may mask the fever and delay the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Pyloric stenosis is not a manifestation of inadequate motility of part of the intestine, but rather a hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle, which causes gastric outlet obstruction and delayed gastric emptying. Pyloric stenosis typically presents with projectile vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, and a palpable olive-shaped mass in the abdomen.
Choice B reason: Hirschsprung's disease is a manifestation of inadequate motility of part of the intestine, as it is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, which results in a lack of peristalsis and a functional obstruction. Hirschsprung's disease typically presents with constipation, abdominal distension, failure to thrive, and enterocolitis.
Choice C reason: Encopresis is not a manifestation of inadequate motility of part of the intestine, but rather a condition in which a child over 4 years of age involuntarily passes stool, usually due to chronic constipation and fecal impaction. Encopresis typically presents with soiling of the underwear, abdominal pain, low self-esteem, and behavioral problems.
Choice D reason: Enterocolitis is not a manifestation of inadequate motility of part of the intestine, but rather an inflammation of the mucosa of the small and large intestines, which can be caused by various infections, allergies, or ischemia. Enterocolitis typically presents with diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, and dehydration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect because administering iron at bedtime can cause gastrointestinal upset and interfere with the child's sleep. Iron should be given between meals or one hour before meals for better absorption.
Choice B reason: This statement is correct because giving iron with orange juice or other foods rich in vitamin C can enhance iron absorption. Vitamin C helps convert iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect because administering iron at mealtimes can reduce iron absorption. Iron can bind with certain substances in food, such as calcium, phytates, and tannins, and make it less available for the body.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect because giving iron with milk can decrease iron absorption. Milk contains calcium, which can interfere with iron absorption. Milk can also cause nausea and vomiting when taken with iron.
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