A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler who notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?

Nephritic syndrome

Wilms tumor

Pyloric stenosis

Intussusception

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Nephritic syndrome is a kidney disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, the filtering units of the kidneys. It can cause hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), hypertension (high blood pressure), and edema (swelling). However, it does not cause a palpable abdominal mass, which is a characteristic sign of Wilms tumor.

Choice B reason: Wilms tumor is a malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age. It can cause a large, firm, and painless abdominal mass, hematuria, abdominal pain, fever, and hypertension. It is the most common renal tumor in children and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Choice C reason: Pyloric stenosis is a condition that causes narrowing of the pylorus, the outlet of the stomach. It can cause projectile vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, and a palpable olive-shaped mass in the upper abdomen. However, it does not cause hematuria or a large abdominal mass.

Choice D reason: Intussusception is a condition that occurs when a part of the intestine slides into another part, causing a blockage. It can cause abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody stools, and a sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen. However, it does not cause hematuria or a large abdominal mass.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Retinopathy is not a potential issue for a child who has leukemia, as it is a condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina, which can be caused by diabetes, hypertension, or sickle cell disease. Leukemia does not affect the retina, but it can cause blurred vision, eye pain, or headaches due to increased intracranial pressure or cranial nerve involvement.

Choice B reason: Hemorrhage is a potential issue for a child who has leukemia, as it is a condition that causes excessive bleeding, which can be caused by thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, or bone marrow suppression. Leukemia can cause a low platelet count, which impairs the blood clotting process and increases the risk of bleeding from minor injuries, mucous membranes, or internal organs.

Choice C reason: Neuropathy is a potential issue for a child who has leukemia, as it is a condition that affects the nerves, which can be caused by chemotherapy, radiation, infection, or compression. Leukemia can cause nerve damage, which can result in numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness in the extremities, face, or trunk.

Choice D reason: Rheumatoid arthritis is not a potential issue for a child who has leukemia, as it is a condition that affects the joints, which can be caused by an autoimmune disorder, inflammation, or infection. Leukemia does not affect the joints, but it can cause bone pain, swelling, or fractures due to bone marrow infiltration or osteoporosis.

A. Tracheoesophageal fistula B. Inguinal hernia C. Intussusception D. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital anomaly that results from an abnormal connection between the trachea and the esophagus. It causes respiratory distress, choking, coughing, and cyanosis during feeding, and increased risk of aspiration pneumonia.

Choice B reason: Inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal organs through the inguinal canal into the scrotum or labia. It causes a bulge in the groin area that may increase in size with crying or straining. It may also cause pain, vomiting, and impaired blood flow to the herniated tissue.

Choice C reason: Intussusception is a telescoping of one segment of the bowel into another, causing obstruction and impaired blood supply. It causes a palpable mass in the upper right quadrant, stools mixed with blood and mucus (resembling currant jelly), abdominal pain, vomiting, and shock.

Choice D reason: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter due to hypertrophy of the surrounding muscle. It causes projectile vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, and a palpable olive-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant.

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A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler who notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has leukemia. After reviewing the child's information, which of the following potential issues should the nurse identify that the child is at risk for developing? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a male infant who has a palpable mass in the upper right quadrant and stools mixed with blood and mucus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following diagnoses is associated with these findings?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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