A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has leukemia. After reviewing the child's information, which of the following potential issues should the nurse identify that the child is at risk for developing? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: This statement is correct because patent ductus arteriosus is a condition where the ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta, fails to close after birth. This allows blood to flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, increasing the blood flow to the lungs and causing pulmonary hypertension.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect because coarctation of the aorta is a condition where the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the body, is narrowed. This causes increased pressure in the upper body and decreased pressure in the lower body, reducing the blood flow to the kidneys and other organs.

Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect because tricuspid atresia is a condition where the tricuspid valve, which separates the right atrium and the right ventricle, is missing or abnormally developed. This prevents blood from flowing from the right atrium to the right ventricle, decreasing the blood flow to the lungs and causing cyanosis.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect because tetralogy of Fallot is a condition that involves four defects: a large ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. These defects cause blood to bypass the lungs and mix with oxygen-poor blood in the aorta, decreasing the blood flow to the lungs and causing cyanosis.

Choice A reason: Offering the client a reward for agreeing to the treatment is not an appropriate action, as it does not respect the client's autonomy and may be seen as coercive or manipulative.

Choice B reason: Notifying the provider of the client's refusal and documenting it in the chart is a necessary action, but not the first one. The nurse should first attempt to educate the client and the parent and address their concerns and preferences.

Choice C reason: Initiating the treatment as per the parent's request and the provider's order is not an appropriate action, as it violates the client's right to informed consent and may cause harm or resentment.

Choice D reason: Educating the client and the parent about the benefits and risks of the treatment is the best action, as it provides them with the information they need to make an informed decision and shows respect for their values and beliefs.