A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is dying.

Which of the following findings is an age-appropriate reaction to death by the child? (Select all that apply).

The correct answer is choice D: Pediculosis capitis.

Choice D rationale: Pediculosis capitis is an infestation of head lice, which causes symptoms such as white flakes that do not brush off the hair easily and a rash on the back of the neck. These symptoms are due to the lice feeding on the scalp and laying eggs (nits), which can cause itching and irritation.

Choice A rationale: Folliculitis is an inflammation of the hair follicles, typically caused by bacterial or fungal infections. While it can cause a rash, it is not characterized by white flakes in the hair.

Choice B rationale: Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal infection that causes scaly, itchy patches on the scalp. It may lead to hair loss in the affected areas, but it does not typically cause white flakes that do not brush off the hair.

Choice C rationale: Impetigo contagiosa is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that causes blisters or sores on the skin. It does not involve white flakes in the hair and primarily affects exposed skin rather than the scalp.

A bulging fontanel is a manifestation associated with a CNS infection in an 11- month-old infant.
A bulging fontanel can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which can
occur with meningitis or encephalitis, both of which are types of CNS infections.
Choice A is incorrect because oliguria, or decreased urine output, is not typically associated with a CNS infection.
Choice B is incorrect because jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes, is not typically associated with a CNS infection.
Choice D is incorrect because a negative Brudzinski sign would indicate that there is no neck stiffness, which would be an unlikely finding in a CNS infection.