A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen.Which of the following should the infant receive?

Choice A rationale: Administer IV fluids with electrolytes: This is crucial to rehydrate the client and correct electrolyte imbalances caused by excessive vomiting, a common complication of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Choice B rationale: Offer small, frequent meals high in protein: Small, frequent meals can help manage nausea and vomiting by preventing the stomach from becoming empty, while high-protein foods can provide necessary nutrients and energy.

Choice C rationale: Administer antiemetics as prescribed: Antiemetics can help control nausea and vomiting, improving the client's ability to tolerate oral intake and maintain hydration and nutrition.

Choice D rationale: Encourage the client to increase oral fluid intake immediately: While increasing oral fluid intake is beneficial, it may not be immediately feasible due to the severity of nausea and vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum. Hence, initial IV fluid therapy is prioritized.

Choice E rationale: Perform continuous fetal monitoring: Continuous fetal monitoring is not typically necessary in the early stages of pregnancy, especially at 11 weeks of gestation. The primary focus should be on stabilizing the mother's condition to support overall pregnancy health.

Choice A rationale

Syphilis can be treated with antibiotics, particularly penicillin. It is not true that there is no cure, and immunization against syphilis is not available. Proper treatment can prevent transmission to the fetus.

Choice B rationale

Changing cat litter, even with gloves, is not safe for pregnant women due to the risk of toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis can cause serious complications in the fetus, and direct contact with cat feces should be avoided.

Choice C rationale

The best way to prevent CMV (cytomegalovirus) infection is through thorough and consistent hand hygiene. CMV is a common virus that can cause congenital infections, and hygiene practices are crucial for prevention.

Choice D rationale

RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) tests for syphilis, not rubella. A rubella vaccine would be needed if the mother is non-immune, but this would be administered post-delivery. The statement reflects a misunderstanding of the tests and vaccines.