A nurse in a prenatal clinic is completing a skin assessment of a client who is in the second trimester. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Striae gravidarum

Chloasma

Linea nigra

Eczema

Psoriasis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Explanation:

A. Striae gravidarum: Also known as stretch marks, striae gravidarum are common during pregnancy due to the stretching and thinning of the skin as the uterus expands. They often appear as pink or purple streaks on the abdomen, breasts, hips, and thighs.

B. Chloasma: Chloasma, also called the "mask of pregnancy," refers to hyperpigmented areas on the face, typically appearing as brown patches on the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. It is caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy and increased melanin production.

C. Linea nigra: Linea nigra is a dark line that develops vertically along the midline of the abdomen during pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes and increased pigmentation, and it typically fades after childbirth.

D. Eczema: Eczema, a skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches, may or may not be directly related to pregnancy. Some women may experience flare-ups of eczema during pregnancy due to hormonal changes or other factors, but it is not specific to the second trimester.

E. Psoriasis: Psoriasis, another skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches, may also flare up during pregnancy for some individuals. However, like eczema, it is not specific to the second trimester and can occur at any time.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Explanation:

A. The biparietal diameter

The biparietal diameter is a measurement of the fetal head's diameter, which is often assessed during routine prenatal ultrasounds to estimate gestational age and monitor fetal growth. However, in the scenario described, the client is experiencing heavy vaginal bleeding without contractions at 38 weeks of gestation. The focus is on the immediate concern of the fetus's well-being rather than assessing specific fetal measurements like the biparietal diameter.

B. Viability of the fetus

This choice is correct for the scenario described. Viability refers to the ability of the fetus to survive outside the uterus. Heavy vaginal bleeding near term raises concerns about potential harm to the fetus and its viability. An ultrasound would be performed to assess the fetal heart rate, movement, and overall condition to determine if the fetus is viable or if there are any immediate concerns that need to be addressed.

C. Fetal lung maturity

Fetal lung maturity is typically assessed closer to the end of pregnancy, usually around 36 to 39 weeks of gestation, to determine if the fetus's lungs are developed enough for birth. While important for planning deliveries, assessing fetal lung maturity is not the primary concern in a situation where the client is experiencing heavy vaginal bleeding without contractions at 38 weeks of gestation.

D. Location of the placenta

The location of the placenta is important for monitoring placental health and assessing potential complications such as placenta previa. However, in the context of heavy vaginal bleeding without contractions at 38 weeks of gestation, the immediate concern is the well-being and viability of the fetus rather than the placental location.

A. 4-0-1-2-2 B. 4-2-0-2-2 C. 2-0-0-2-0 D. 3-0-2-0-2

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Explanation:

G - Gravida: The number of pregnancies, including the current one.

T - Term births: The number of pregnancies carried to term, typically considered 37 weeks or more.

P - Preterm births: The number of pregnancies delivered between 20 and 37 weeks.

A - Abortions: The number of pregnancies terminated before 20 weeks, including elective abortions and miscarriages.

L - Living children: The number of living children.

Now let's analyze the client's history:

Elective abortion at 9 weeks (terminated pregnancy): This counts as an abortion (A).

Birth of twins at 36 weeks (term births): This counts as two term births (T).

Spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks (miscarriage): This also counts as an abortion (A).

Based on the information provided, the client's GTPAL status would be:

Gravida: 4 (1 terminated pregnancy + 1 twin birth + 1 miscarriage + 1 current pregnancy)

Term births: 2 (1 twin birth)

Preterm births: 0

Abortions: 2 (1 terminated pregnancy + 1 miscarriage)

Living children: 2 (1 twin birth)

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is completing a skin assessment of a client who is in the second trimester. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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