A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are 12 hours postoperative. The nurse should identify that the client who had which of the following procedures is at risk for developing fat embolism syndrome?

Thyroidectomy

Internal fixation of a fractured hip

Repair of a torn rotator cuff

Tympanoplasty

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. While there are risks associated with any surgery, thyroidectomy is not typically associated with fat embolism syndrome (FES). FES is more commonly linked to orthopedic procedures and trauma, particularly those involving long bones.

Choice B reason: Internal fixation of a fractured hip is a procedure that carries a risk for developing FES. FES is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream and lodge within the blood vessels of the lungs or other organs. Hip fractures, especially those involving the long bones, can result in the release of fat globules into the bloodstream during the surgical repair process. Early surgical fixation is thought to reduce the risk of FES.

Choice C reason: Repair of a torn rotator cuff involves the shoulder joint and, while it is a significant surgical procedure, it is not typically associated with a high risk of FES. The rotator cuff is composed of muscles and tendons, and its repair does not usually involve manipulation of the long bones where fat embolism is more likely to occur.

Choice D reason: Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hole in the eardrum. It is an otologic procedure that does not involve the long bones or orthopedic manipulation. Therefore, it is not associated with a risk of developing FES.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason : Changing the transparent membrane dressing daily is not necessary unless it's soiled or compromised. The dressing is typically changed every 7 days or per institutional policy to reduce the risk of infection.

Choice B reason: Using a non-coring needle is not applicable for PICC lines as they are designed for use with a luer-lock syringe for medication administration and flushing.

Choice C reason : Maintaining a continuous IV infusion is not required for a PICC line unless clinically indicated. Intermittent use is common for medication administration, and the line should be flushed before and after use to maintain patency.

Choice D reason : Flushing the catheter with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution after each use is the correct action. This helps to maintain catheter patency and prevent occlusion.

A. Severe, throbbing headache B. Hypotension C. Fever D. Cyanosis of the head and neck

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : A severe, throbbing headache is a common and significant manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia. This condition is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that can occur in individuals with spinal cord injuries, typically above the T6 level. The headache results from a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure due to an exaggerated response of the autonomic nervous system to a stimulus below the level of the injury.

Choice B reason: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia. In fact, the condition is characterized by hypertension, or high blood pressure, which is a critical sign that requires immediate attention to prevent complications such as stroke or seizure.

Choice C reason: Fever is not a direct manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia. While a fever may indicate an infection or other systemic issue, autonomic dysreflexia itself is specifically associated with a rapid onset of high blood pressure and other autonomic disturbances.

Choice D reason: Cyanosis of the head and neck, which refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood, is not a typical manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia. The condition primarily causes hypertension and its associated symptoms, rather than issues with oxygenation.

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A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are 12 hours postoperative. The nurse should identify that the client who had which of the following procedures is at risk for developing fat embolism syndrome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line in her left forearm. The client is receiving an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus every 12 hours. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in managing the client's PICC line?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a spinal cord injury is at risk for experiencing autonomic dysreflexia. The nurse would carefully monitor the client for which of the following manifestations?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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