A nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes.
Which of the following medications is used to treat elevated blood sugar levels?

Choice A rationale

Celecoxib does not inhibit the histamine response. Histamine is involved in allergic reactions, and celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that targets specific enzymes involved in inflammation.

Choice B rationale

Celecoxib specifically inhibits COX-2, an enzyme involved in the inflammation pathway. This selective inhibition helps reduce inflammation and pain without significantly affecting COX-1, which is protective for the stomach lining.

Choice C rationale

COX-1 is not the primary target of celecoxib. Inhibition of COX-1 can lead to gastrointestinal side effects, which celecoxib aims to minimize by selectively inhibiting COX-2 instead.

Choice D rationale

Celecoxib does not inhibit beta receptors. Beta receptors are involved in cardiovascular responses, and beta blockers are used for conditions like hypertension, not inflammation.

Choice A rationale

While metformin is commonly used as a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes, this choice does not specifically address a critical safety concern related to metformin.

Choice B rationale

Metformin can interact with contrast dyes used in imaging studies, increasing the risk of acute renal failure due to lactic acidosis. Patients need to be aware of this interaction to avoid potential complications.

Choice C rationale

Metformin is used to lower blood glucose levels, not increase them. This choice is incorrect.

Choice D rationale

While metformin is associated with less weight gain compared to other diabetes medications, this choice does not address the critical interaction with contrast dye.