A nurse is caring for a client with suspected tuberculosis (TB) who has provided sputum samples for testing. Which laboratory test is used to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples?
Complete blood count (CBC)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Tuberculin skin test (TST)
Gram stain
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) may reveal abnormalities associated with TB, but it does not directly confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples.
B) Correct. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular test that can detect the genetic material of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples, providing a confirmatory diagnosis.
C) Incorrect. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is a screening test for TB infection, not a test for confirming active disease in sputum samples.
D) Incorrect. Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to visualize the characteristics of bacterial cells but is not specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. LTBI does not always progress to active TB disease. Many individuals with LTBI do not develop active disease, especially if they have a strong immune system.
B) Incorrect. While the risk of progression is highest in the first two years after LTBI, it can occur at any time, and some individuals may progress years or even decades later.
C) Correct. LTBI rarely progresses to active TB, especially in individuals with a strong immune system. Most people with LTBI do not develop active disease.
D) Incorrect. LTBI carries a risk of progressing to active TB disease, although the risk is relatively low in many individuals.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Covering the mouth when coughing is important, as it helps prevent the spread of respiratory droplets to others.
B) Correct. Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or the elbow helps contain respiratory droplets and reduces the risk of transmission.
C) Incorrect. Wearing a mask when coughing can be beneficial to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets, especially in crowded settings.
D) Incorrect. Ventilating living spaces by keeping windows and doors open, not closed, helps reduce the concentration of infectious particles in the air.
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