A nurse is caring for a client who was recently re-admitted for relapse of psychosis symptoms due to not taking their medications. Which of the follow should be a long-term goal for this client?

A. Stimulants. Stimulant intoxication typically causes increased energy, agitation, tachycardia, and paranoia, but it does not usually induce hallucinations to the extent described. While severe stimulant use (e.g., methamphetamine or cocaine) can cause paranoia, the significant perceptual disturbances and visual hallucinations suggest a different category of drugs.
B. Opioids. Opioid intoxication generally leads to central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, and sedation rather than paranoia, hallucinations, and erratic behavior. The described symptoms do not align with opioid use.
C. Hallucinogens. Hallucinogen use, such as LSD or PCP, can cause altered perception, paranoia, visual hallucinations, and erratic behavior. The client’s symptoms—paranoia, visual disturbances, mumbling, and gesturing—are characteristic of hallucinogen intoxication, making this the most likely cause.
D. Anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroid use can lead to mood swings, aggression, and psychotic symptoms in some cases, but it does not typically cause acute hallucinations, paranoia, or perceptual disturbances. The symptoms described do not fit anabolic steroid use.

A. Inform the newly licensed nurse that they are successfully building trust and rapport. While therapeutic communication is essential, personalizing the interaction in this way crosses professional boundaries. Comparing a client to a family member can create unrealistic expectations and blur the nurse-client relationship. Maintaining professional distance ensures objective and ethical care.
B. Ask the newly licensed nurse if they are comfortable providing care to the client. While assessing a nurse’s comfort level is important, it does not address the boundary violation. The concern is not about the nurse's comfort but about maintaining professionalism in client interactions. Direct intervention is needed to correct the inappropriate statement and reinforce professional conduct.
C. Record that the newly licensed nurse is able to maintain professional nurse-client boundaries. The statement made by the newly licensed nurse demonstrates a boundary issue rather than professionalism. Nurses should establish rapport without over-identification with clients. Documenting that the nurse maintained boundaries would be inaccurate and fail to address the issue.
D. Assign the newly licensed nurse to a different client. The statement suggests an emotional attachment that may interfere with objective care. Reassigning the nurse prevents further boundary issues and allows for education on maintaining professionalism. Ensuring appropriate nurse-client relationships promotes ethical practice and patient-centered care.