A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted for alcohol detoxification. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe that indicate the client is experiencing alcohol withdrawal?

B. Trauma during the developmental years, especially in early childhood, is considered a significant risk factor for the development of DID. Trauma disrupts normal psychological development and can lead to the fragmentation of identity as a coping mechanism to dissociate from overwhelming or traumatic experiences.

A. A history of self-injurious behavior is often associated with various mental health conditions, such as borderline personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or depression but it is not a primary risk factor for dissociative identity disorder (DID).

C. Individuals with BPD may experience dissociative symptoms, particularly during times of stress or intense emotional arousal but BPD itself is not considered a primary risk factor for dissociative identity disorder (DID).

D. Individuals with schizophrenia may experience dissociative symptoms, such as depersonalization or derealization but these symptoms are typically secondary to psychotic experiences rather than being indicative of dissociative identity disorder (DID).

C. Codependency refers to a dysfunctional pattern of behavior in which a person excessively relies on another individual (often a partner or family member) for their sense of identity, self- worth, or emotional well-being. In this scenario, the partner's demand to see the client's records

and treatment plan, as well as the assertion of needing to oversee the treatment, suggests an excessive need for control and involvement in the client's life and healthcare decisions.

A. Manipulation involves influencing or controlling someone in a deceptive or dishonest way to achieve one's own goals.

B. Marginalization refers to the exclusion or relegation of a person or group to a lower or outer edge of society or a group.

D. Enabling refers to behaviors that unintentionally or intentionally allow someone to continue engaging in harmful behaviors or avoid facing consequences.