A nurse is caring for a client who reports that they have been eliminating specific foods from their diet in order to “eat clean.” The nurse should identify that this is an indication of which of the following conditions?

Anorexia nervosa

Rumination disorder

Orthorexia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason: Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading to restricted food intake and excessive weight loss. Individuals with anorexia nervosa often have a relentless pursuit of thinness and may engage in extreme dieting, excessive exercise, and other behaviors to lose weight. While eliminating specific foods can be a part of anorexia nervosa, the primary focus is on weight loss and body image rather than the purity or healthiness of the food.

Choice B Reason: Rumination Disorder

Rumination disorder involves the repeated regurgitation of food, which may be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out. This condition is more common in infants and individuals with developmental disabilities but can occur in people of all ages. The behavior is typically involuntary and not related to concerns about food purity or healthiness. Therefore, it does not align with the client’s report of eliminating specific foods to “eat clean.”

Choice C Reason: Orthorexia

Orthorexia is an eating disorder characterized by an obsession with eating foods that one considers healthy or pure. Individuals with orthorexia may eliminate entire food groups, such as sugars, carbohydrates, or dairy, in their quest to maintain a “clean” diet6. This condition can lead to malnutrition and social isolation due to the restrictive nature of the diet. The client’s report of eliminating specific foods to “eat clean” is a clear indication of orthorexia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason: We can call Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and go to a closed meeting to see what happens inside.

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a support group specifically for individuals struggling with alcohol use disorder. Closed meetings are typically reserved for those who identify as alcoholics and are seeking help for their own drinking problems. Family members and friends are generally not allowed to attend these meetings unless they are open meetings. Therefore, this choice does not reflect an effective understanding of the appropriate support resources available for family members.

Choice B Reason: We should wait until the client is ready to stop drinking before the family goes to support meetings.

Waiting until the client is ready to stop drinking before seeking support is not advisable. Family members can benefit from attending support groups like Al-Anon regardless of the client’s readiness to change. These groups provide emotional support, education, and coping strategies for dealing with the challenges of living with someone who has an alcohol use disorder. This choice suggests a misunderstanding of the importance of seeking support for oneself, independent of the client’s actions.

Choice C Reason: The family can go to Al-Anon meetings for support.

Al-Anon is a support group specifically designed for family members and friends of individuals with alcohol use disorder. These meetings provide a safe space for loved ones to share their experiences, gain support, and learn effective coping strategies. Attending Al-Anon meetings can help family members understand the nature of addiction, reduce feelings of isolation, and improve their own well-being. This choice reflects an accurate understanding of the appropriate support resources available for families.

Choice D Reason: Support groups are an option for the client, not the family.

This statement is incorrect because support groups like Al-Anon are specifically designed for family members and friends of individuals with alcohol use disorder. These groups recognize that addiction affects not only the individual but also their loved ones. By participating in support groups, family members can gain valuable insights, emotional support, and practical advice for coping with the challenges associated with a loved one’s addiction. This choice reflects a misunderstanding of the role and availability of support groups for families.

A. This medication might increase the amount of saliva your child produces. B. Administer the medication at bedtime. C. Your child might gain weight while taking this medication. D. Restrict your child’s intake of caffeine while she is taking this medication.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is d. Restrict your child’s intake of caffeine while she is taking this medication.

Choice A Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate does not typically increase saliva production. In fact, it is more commonly associated with dry mouth as a side effect. Therefore, informing parents that the medication might increase saliva production would be misleading and not based on the known side effects of the drug.

Choice B Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate should generally be administered in the morning or early afternoon to avoid insomnia, as it is a stimulant and can interfere with sleep if taken too late in the day. Administering the medication at bedtime would likely cause sleep disturbances, which is counterproductive for managing ADHD symptoms.

Choice C Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate is more commonly associated with weight loss rather than weight gain. The medication can suppress appetite, leading to reduced food intake and potential weight loss. Therefore, it is important to monitor the child’s weight and nutritional intake while on the medication, but weight gain is not a typical concern.

Choice D Reason:

This statement is correct. Caffeine is a stimulant and can exacerbate the side effects of methylphenidate, such as increased heart rate, jitteriness, and anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to restrict the child’s intake of caffeine while taking this medication to avoid these potential interactions and side effects. This includes limiting consumption of caffeinated beverages like coffee, tea, and certain sodas.

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A nurse is caring for a client who reports that they have been eliminating specific foods from their diet in order to “eat clean.” The nurse should identify that this is an indication of which of the following conditions?

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has ADHD about methylphenidate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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