A nurse is caring for a 22-year-old female client who has bulimia nervosa and frequently self-induces vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Amenorrhea
Dental erosion
Dry oral mucosa
Icteric sclera
Presence of lanugo
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
The correct answer is
a. Amenorrhea
b. Dental erosion
c. Dry oral mucosa
e. Presence of lanugo
Choice A Reason:
Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation. It is a common finding in individuals with bulimia nervosa due to hormonal imbalances caused by malnutrition and extreme weight loss. The body’s reproductive system can be significantly affected by the lack of essential nutrients, leading to disruptions in the menstrual cycle. Additionally, the stress and anxiety associated with bulimia can further contribute to amenorrhea. In clinical practice, amenorrhea is often used as an indicator of the severity of an eating disorder and the need for medical intervention.
Choice B Reason:
Dental erosion is another expected finding in clients with bulimia nervosa. Frequent self-induced vomiting exposes the teeth to stomach acid, which can erode the enamel and lead to significant dental problems. Over time, this acid exposure can cause the teeth to become sensitive, discolored, and more prone to cavities and decay. Dental erosion is often one of the first physical signs that healthcare providers notice in individuals with bulimia, and it can serve as a critical clue in diagnosing the disorder. Regular dental check-ups and proper oral hygiene are essential for managing this condition.
Choice C Reason:
Dry oral mucosa is a common symptom in individuals with bulimia nervosa. The frequent vomiting and dehydration associated with the disorder can lead to a dry mouth. Additionally, the use of diuretics and laxatives, which are sometimes abused by individuals with bulimia, can further contribute to dehydration and dry oral mucosa. This condition can cause discomfort, difficulty swallowing, and an increased risk of oral infections. Proper hydration and oral care are crucial for managing dry oral mucosa in clients with bulimia nervosa.
Choice D Reason:
Icteric sclera refers to the yellowing of the whites of the eyes, typically associated with liver dysfunction or jaundice. This is not a common finding in individuals with bulimia nervosa and is not directly related to the disorder. While bulimia can have various physical effects on the body, icteric sclera is not one of the expected findings. If a client with bulimia presents with icteric sclera, it would warrant further investigation to determine the underlying cause, which may be unrelated to the eating disorder.
Choice E Reason:
Presence of lanugo is the growth of fine, soft hair on the body, which is a common finding in individuals with eating disorders, including bulimia nervosa. Lanugo develops as the body’s response to extreme weight loss and malnutrition, as it attempts to conserve heat and energy. This fine hair can appear on the face, arms, and other areas of the body. The presence of lanugo is a sign of severe malnutrition and indicates the need for immediate medical intervention to address the underlying eating disorder and restore proper nutrition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Family history
Family history is not a modifiable risk factor. It refers to the genetic predisposition to certain health conditions based on the medical history of one’s family. While it is important to be aware of family history to understand potential risks, it cannot be changed or modified through lifestyle adjustments.
Choice B Reason: Weight
Weight is a modifiable risk factor. Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can significantly reduce the risk of various health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Weight management is crucial for overall health and can be controlled through lifestyle changes.
Choice C Reason: Sedentary lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor. Increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior can improve cardiovascular health, enhance mental well-being, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Encouraging regular exercise and active living is essential for health improvement.
Choice D Reason: Alcohol consumption
Alcohol consumption is a modifiable risk factor. Limiting or avoiding alcohol can reduce the risk of liver disease, certain cancers, and other health issues. Moderation in alcohol intake is important for maintaining good health and preventing related complications.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
“I’d rather be dead than living like this. I do not want to be alive.”
This statement reflects a common symptom of major depressive disorder, which is suicidal ideation. Individuals with major depressive disorder often experience feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness, leading them to believe that life is not worth living. This statement is a clear indication of the severity of the individual’s depressive symptoms and the need for immediate intervention to ensure their safety.
Choice B Reason:
“If I can just keep ignoring feelings.”
This statement is less likely to be heard from a client with major depressive disorder. Ignoring feelings is a coping mechanism that some individuals might use, but it does not directly reflect the core symptoms of major depressive disorder, which include persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and significant impairment in daily functioning. Therefore, this choice is not as indicative of major depressive disorder as the other statements.
Choice C Reason:
“I deserve to be this way. I’ve not accomplished anything important in my life.”
This statement reflects feelings of guilt and worthlessness, which are common symptoms of major depressive disorder. Individuals with this disorder often have a negative self-view and believe that they are failures or that they deserve to suffer. This statement highlights the individual’s low self-esteem and the pervasive negative thoughts that characterize major depressive disorder.
Choice D Reason:
“This is a bad episode, but I will be well soon.”
This statement reflects a more optimistic outlook, which is less common in individuals with major depressive disorder. However, it can still be heard from some clients who experience episodic depression and have hope for recovery. This statement indicates that the individual recognizes their current state as temporary and believes in the possibility of improvement, which can be a positive sign in the context of treatment.
Choice E Reason:
“I am determined to fight this episode and get through it.”
This statement reflects a proactive and positive attitude towards managing depression, which is less characteristic of major depressive disorder. While determination and resilience are important for recovery, individuals with major depressive disorder often struggle with motivation and energy, making it difficult for them to adopt such a mindset. Therefore, this choice is less likely to be heard from a client with major depressive disorder.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today