A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous infusion through a peripheral IV device. The nurse notes the catheter site is cool, swollen, blanched, and painful to touch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A reason: The small intestine is not the starting point of the digestive process. It is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs after the food has been processed in the stomach.

Choice B reason: The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, where feces are stored before being expelled. It is not involved in the initial stages of digestion.

Choice C reason: The stomach is involved in the early stages of digestion, particularly in the breakdown of proteins, but it is not the starting point. Food enters the stomach after being ingested through the mouth.

Choice D reason: The mouth is the correct starting location for the digestive process. Here, ingestion takes place, and mechanical digestion begins with chewing, while chemical digestion starts with enzymes in the saliva breaking down carbohydrates.

Choice A reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation due to magnesium's ability to draw water into the intestines.

Choice B reason: Antibiotics can affect gut flora and potentially cause diarrhea. While some antibiotics may lead to constipation, it is not as common as diarrhea.

Choice C reason: Anticholinergics/antispasmodics can cause constipation because they inhibit the muscle movements in the gastrointestinal tract necessary for bowel movements.

Choice D reason: Opioid narcotics are well-known to cause constipation as they reduce gastrointestinal motility, leading to slower transit times and increased water absorption from the stool.