A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The client states, "I have no idea why I got this." Which of the following is the most important question the nurse should ask this client while performing the assessment?

"When did you have your last physical?"

"Do you have any family members with Parkinson's disease?"

What kind of work do you do?"

"How much coffee do you drink every day?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

"When did you have your last physical?": This question is relevant to assess the client's overall health status and identify any potential comorbidities or health conditions that may be associated with Parkinson's disease. However, it is not as crucial as asking about family history, which directly addresses the client's potential genetic predisposition to Parkinson's disease.

Choice B Reason:

"Do you have any family members with Parkinson's disease?" Parkinson's disease can have both genetic and environmental factors contributing to its development. While the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is not fully understood, having a family history of the condition is a significant risk factor. Individuals with first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, or children) who have Parkinson's disease have an increased risk of developing the condition themselves.

Choice C Reason:

"What kind of work do you do?": This question aims to gather information about the client's occupational history and potential exposure to environmental toxins or factors that may be associated with Parkinson's disease. Certain occupations or exposures to pesticides, herbicides, heavy metals, or other toxins have been linked to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. While occupational history is important, it is not as directly relevant to assessing the client's risk factors as asking about family history.

Choice D Reason:

"How much coffee do you drink every day?": Research has suggested that caffeine consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease or may potentially delay its onset. However, the evidence is not definitive, and the relationship between caffeine intake and Parkinson's disease is still not fully understood. While caffeine consumption may be a relevant factor to explore, especially if the client has a high intake of coffee, it is not as critical as inquiring about family history, which directly addresses genetic predisposition to Parkinson's disease.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Asthma flare-ups during exercise is correct . Exercise-induced asthma is a common feature of nonallergic asthma. Physical activity can trigger bronchoconstriction and asthma symptoms in individuals with this type of asthma.

Choice B Reason:

Nasal inflammation is incorrect. Nasal inflammation is not typically a characteristic feature of nonallergic asthma. While nasal symptoms such as congestion, rhinorrhea (runny nose), and sneezing are common in allergic asthma due to the involvement of allergic rhinitis (hay fever), they are not typically prominent in nonallergic asthma. Nonallergic asthma primarily affects the lower airways (bronchi and bronchioles) rather than the upper airways (nose and throat). Therefore, nasal inflammation is not commonly associated with nonallergic asthma.

Choice C Reason:

No hypersensitivity to allergens is correct. Unlike allergic asthma, where exposure to allergens triggers asthma symptoms, individuals with nonallergic asthma do not have a hypersensitivity to allergens.

Choice D Reason:

Asthma flare-ups with NSAID administration is correct. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin or ibuprofen can trigger asthma symptoms in some individuals with nonallergic asthma.

Choice E Reason:

Persistence of manifestations is correct. Nonallergic asthma tends to have persistent symptoms even in the absence of allergen exposure. Symptoms may occur regularly and may not have a clear seasonal pattern like allergic asthma.

Choice F Reason:

Positive response to corticosteroids is correct. Corticosteroids are often effective in managing nonallergic asthma. Individuals with this type of asthma typically respond well to corticosteroid treatment as part of their asthma management plan.

A. Epithelial cells B. OT lymphocytes C. Hyperreactivity D. Mast cells E. Inflammation

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Epithelial cells is correct. Epithelial cells lining the airways play a role in initiating the inflammatory response in asthma by releasing cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. These cells can contribute to the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines seen in status asthmaticus.

Choice B Reason:

OT lymphocytes is incorrect. There is no specific cell type known as "OT lymphocytes." It's possible this may refer to T lymphocytes (T cells), which are involved in the immune response in asthma but are not typically associated with a circulatory surge in status asthmaticus.

Choice C Reason:

Hyperreactivity is incorrect. Hyperreactivity refers to the exaggerated response of the airways to various stimuli, leading to bronchoconstriction and inflammation. While hyperreactivity is a characteristic feature of asthma, it does not directly contribute to a circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines.

Choice D Reason:

Mast cells is correct. Mast cells are key players in the pathophysiology of asthma. They release various inflammatory mediators, including histamine and leukotrienes, which contribute to airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production. Mast cells can participate in the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in status asthmaticus.

Choice E Reason:

Inflammation is correct. Inflammation is a hallmark feature of asthma and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of status asthmaticus. The inflammatory response involves the recruitment and activation of various inflammatory cells, release of cytokines, and other mediators that contribute to airway obstruction and systemic effects.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The client states, "I have no idea why I got this." Which of the following is the most important question the nurse should ask this client while performing the assessment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following common characteristics of nonallergic asthma can the nurse expect to find when assessing an adult client? (Select all that appl (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

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