A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about populations at higher risk for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following demographics should be included in the teaching?
(Select All that Apply.)

African American clients

White American clients

East Asian clients

Hispanic or Latino clients

Navajo Indian clients

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A Reason:

African American clients is appropriate. Research suggests that African Americans have a lower prevalence of MS compared to White Americans, but they tend to have more severe disease progression and higher disability rates when diagnosed with MS.

Choice B Reason:

White American clients: Individuals of European descent, including White Americans, have the highest prevalence of MS, particularly those of northern European ancestry. MS is more common in populations of northern European descent compared to other racial and ethnic groups.

Choice C Reason:

East Asian clients: East Asians, including individuals of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean descent, have historically had lower rates of MS compared to individuals of European descent. However, MS prevalence appears to be increasing in East Asian populations, possibly due to changes in lifestyle and environmental factors.

Choice D Reason:

Hispanic or Latino clients: Studies suggest that the prevalence of MS is lower in Hispanic/Latino populations compared to White Americans but higher than in African Americans. However, there is considerable variation in MS prevalence among different Hispanic/Latino subgroups.

Choice E Reason:

Navajo Indian clients: Native American populations, including Navajo Indians, have been reported to have a lower prevalence of MS compared to individuals of European descent. However, limited data are available on MS prevalence and incidence in specific Native American tribes, and more research is needed to fully understand the disease burden in these populations.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Photosensitivity is incorrect. Photosensitivity, or sensitivity to light, is not a common symptom of multiple sclerosis. While individuals with MS may experience visual disturbances, such as blurred vision or optic neuritis, sensitivity to light is not typically reported as a primary symptom.

Choice B Reason:

Memory issues is correct. Memory issues, including problems with short-term memory, concentration, and cognitive processing speed, are common neurological symptoms in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Cognitive impairment can affect various aspects of memory and cognitive function.

Choice C Reason:

Lhermitte's sign is correct. Lhermitte's sign is a classic neurological sign characterized by an electric shock-like sensation that radiates down the spine or into the limbs upon flexing the neck. It is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis, often associated with cervical spinal cord lesions.

Choice D Reason:

Seizures is incorrect. Seizures are not a typical symptom of multiple sclerosis. While individuals with MS may experience various neurological symptoms, seizures are not a common manifestation of the disease.

Choice E Reason:

Central vision loss is correct. Visual disturbances, including central vision loss, blurred vision, double vision, or optic neuritis, are common symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve, is a frequent manifestation of MS that can lead to temporary or permanent central vision loss.

A. Flying B. Sunbathing C. Working in an office D. High altitude travel

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Flying itself is not typically considered a factor that worsens MS manifestations. However, factors related to flying, such as stress, fatigue, changes in routine, and potential exposure to infections, may contribute to symptom exacerbation in some individuals with MS.

Choice B Reason:

Sunbathing is appropriate. Exposure to excessive heat, such as sunbathing or prolonged exposure to hot weather, can lead to temporary worsening of MS symptoms, a phenomenon known as Uhthoff's phenomenon. Increased body temperature can temporarily impair nerve conduction in individuals with MS, resulting in exacerbation of symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, sensory disturbances, and cognitive impairment.

Choice C Reason:

Working in an office is inappropriate. Working in an office environment is not inherently associated with exacerbation of MS manifestations. However, factors such as stress, fatigue, poor ergonomic conditions, and limited mobility during prolonged periods of sitting may contribute to symptom exacerbation in some individuals with MS.

Choice D Reason:

High altitude travel is inappropriate. High altitude travel can exacerbate MS symptoms due to the decreased oxygen levels and potential changes in barometric pressure at high altitudes. Hypoxia (low oxygen levels) at high altitudes may exacerbate fatigue, weakness, and cognitive impairment in individuals with MS. Changes in barometric pressure can also trigger or worsen symptoms such as headaches, sensory disturbances, and balance problems in some individuals with MS.

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A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about populations at higher risk for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following demographics should be included in the teaching? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate with this client? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about populations at higher risk for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following demographics should be included in the teaching?
(Select All that Apply.)