A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe nausea and vomiting after a course of chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following clinical manifestations?

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Severe vomiting can lead to a loss of gastric acid, resulting in metabolic alkalosis and not acidosis.
B.   A client who is experiencing severe nausea and vomiting may lose gastric acid through vomitus and develop metabolic alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by a high pH (greater than 7.45) and a high bicarbonate (greater than 26 mEq/L). Metabolic alkalosis can cause confusion, tremors, tetany, and hypokalemia.
C. Respiratory alkalosis is not typically associated with vomiting; it is more often seen in conditions with hyperventilation.
D.   Respiratory acidosis is not the primary acid-base imbalance associated with vomiting; it is more commonly associated with conditions affecting lung function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with elevated calcium levels.
B. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are a potential sign of hypercalcemia, but cardiac manifestations are more critical.
C. Prolonged ST segments on cardiac monitoring can be indicative of hypercalcemia and may lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
D. Lethargy is a general symptom and may not be specific to hypercalcemia. Cardiac manifestations are a more immediate concern.

A. Client has an NG tube to gastric suction. B. Client reports drinking 3.5 to 4 L of water each day. C. Client has a history of alcohol abuse disorder, D. Client is currently prescribed spironolactone

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypokalemia can be caused by excessive loss of potassium from the gastrointestinal tract, such as from vomiting, diarrhea, or gastric suction.
B. Drinking a large amount of water is more likely to dilute sodium levels rather than potassium.
C. Alcohol abuse disorder is not a direct cause of low potassium levels.
D. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and its use can lead to hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe nausea and vomiting after a course of chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following clinical manifestations?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is admitting a client who has a serum calcium level of 12.3 mg/dL and initiates cardiac monitoring. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the initial assessment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential causative factor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe nausea and vomiting after a course of chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following clinical manifestations?