A nurse is caring for a client who has substance use disorder and is experiencing acute toxicity to sedatives, but has no history of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to experience?
Severe hallucinations
Negative symptoms of psychosis
Prolonged hallucinations
Prolonged delusions
The Correct Answer is A
A. Acute toxicity to sedatives, especially at high doses, can lead to various central nervous system effects, including severe hallucinations. Hallucinations can involve distorted perceptions of sensory experiences, such as seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not present. These hallucinations may be vivid, intense, and disturbing, especially during acute intoxication.
B. Negative symptoms are more commonly associated with chronic psychotic disorders like schizophrenia rather than acute toxic reactions.
C. Prolonged hallucinations are less characteristic of acute toxicity and are more commonly seen in conditions like schizophrenia or certain drug-induced psychotic disorders.
D. Prolonged delusions typically characterize chronic psychotic disorders rather than acute toxic reactions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Panic-level anxiety is characterized by intense and overwhelming feelings of fear and apprehension. Physical symptoms often accompany this level of anxiety, and shakiness or tremors are common manifestations. The individual may experience trembling or shaking of the hands, voice, or other parts of the body due to heightened physiological arousal.
A. Voice tremors can occur in individuals experiencing anxiety, particularly when they are feeling highly stressed or nervous. However, shakiness or trembling in the body is more characteristic of panic level anxiety.
C. Depersonalization involves feelings of detachment from oneself or one's surroundings, as if observing oneself from outside the body or feeling disconnected from reality.
D Poor concentration or difficulty focusing can occur in individuals experiencing anxiety, including panic level anxiety. However, it is more of a cognitive symptom rather than a physical manifestation such as shakiness or tremors.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Late-onset schizophrenia typically presents with symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and social withdrawal. However, this does not differentiate it from typical schizophrenia.
B. Substance use, including cannabis use, is a known risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, particularly in individuals who are genetically predisposed to the disorder. However, cannabis use as a teenager alone does not necessarily indicate late-onset schizophrenia.
C. Paraphrenia or late onset schizophrenia generally occurs later in life and symptoms persist and intensify as the client ages. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed after the age of 40 and is considered late onset if diagnosed after the age of 40.
D. Family history of psychosis or schizophrenia is a significant risk factor for developing schizophrenia, including late-onset schizophrenia. However, having a family member who mirrors the client's behaviors of psychosis is not a specific finding indicative of late-onset schizophrenia.
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