A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and is neutropenic. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for the client to develop an infection?

The client is assigned to a room with negative airflow.

The client's meal tray includes ice cream with fresh fruit.

The client has artificial flowers in the room.

The client's meal tray contains hard-boiled eggs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   A room with negative airflow helps prevent the spread of airborne pathogens, which is helpful for immunocompromised clients like those with HIV, but it doesn't directly increase the risk of infection.
B.   Correct. Neutropenic clients have reduced immune responses, and consume fresh fruit (which might carry bacteria. can increase the risk of infection.
C.   Artificial flowers might be removed due to infection control concerns, but their presence doesn't significantly increase infection risk.
D.   Hardboiled eggs are not necessarily a high-risk food for infection in neutropenic clients.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice A, Hot cocoa.

Choice A rationale:

Hot cocoa contains the least amount of caffeine among the options provided.A standard 240 mL (8 oz) cup of hot cocoa contains approximately 5 mg of caffeine. This is significantly less than the other beverages listed. Hot cocoa is made by adding cocoa powder and sugar or chocolate syrup to hot milk.The drink contains very little cacao, so the caffeine content is very low. Therefore, if a client is looking to reduce their dietary caffeine intake, hot cocoa would be a suitable choice.

Choice B rationale:

A cola soft drink contains more caffeine than hot cocoa.A standard 240 mL (8 oz) serving of a cola soft drink contains approximately 24-31 mg of caffeine. Cola is a popular flavor of soda around the world.Although the kola nut, from which the flavor of cola soda comes from, does naturally contain caffeine, the majority of the caffeine in cola is added by the manufacturer. Therefore, a cola soft drink would not be the best choice for a client looking to reduce their caffeine intake.

Choice C rationale:

Instant coffee contains even more caffeine.A standard 240 mL (8 oz) cup of instant coffee contains approximately 57-96 mg of caffeine.With instant coffee, caffeine measurements are based on the amount of the instant coffee powder used to make the drink. The caffeine content of coffee itself varies enormously.According to the USDA, 1 rounded teaspoon of instant coffee (1.8 grams in weight) contains 57 mg of caffeine.No matter how much water, milk, or creamer you add to the coffee - the amount of caffeine will remain the same. Therefore, instant coffee would not be a suitable choice for a client looking to reduce their caffeine intake.

Choice D rationale:

Brewed green tea also contains more caffeine than hot cocoa.An 8-ounce (240 mL) cup of green tea generally supplies around 20 to 45 milligrams of caffeine.This makes green tea a gentler alternative in terms of caffeine content, suitable for those who prefer a milder pick-me-up. However, it still contains more caffeine than hot cocoa. Therefore, while green tea is a healthier choice compared to cola soft drinks and instant coffee, it still contains more caffeine than hot cocoa.

A. Administer aspirin if the client develops a fever. B. Initiate contact precautions for the client. C. Assign the client to a negative-pressure airflow room. D. Have visitors remain at least 0.91 m (3 feet. away from the client.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choicec. Assign the client to a negative-pressure airflow room.

Choice A rationale:

Administering aspirin to a client with varicella zoster is not recommended due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, a serious condition that can cause swelling in the liver and brain.

Choice B rationale:

While contact precautions are important, varicella zoster also requires airborne precautions due to its highly contagious nature. This means that simply initiating contact precautions is not sufficient.

Choice C rationale:

Assigning the client to a negative-pressure airflow room is crucial because it helps contain the airborne virus and prevents it from spreading to other areas of the hospital.

Choice D rationale:

Having visitors remain at least 0.91 m (3 feet) away from the client is a good practice, but it is not sufficient on its own to prevent the spread of the virus. Airborne precautions, including a negative-pressure room, are necessary.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and is neutropenic. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for the client to develop an infection?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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