A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of the medication?

Hypocalcemia

Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

Hypermagnesemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypocalcemia: Hydrochlorothiazide is not typically associated with lowering calcium levels. Hypocalcemia is not a common adverse effect of this medication.
B. Hypernatremia: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that increases urination, leading to the loss of water and sodium. While it can cause sodium depletion, it's less likely to result in hypernatremia, which refers to high sodium levels in the blood.
C. Hypokalemia: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can increase the excretion of potassium in the urine. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is a known adverse effect of this medication due to its action on the kidneys leading to potassium loss.
D. Hypermagnesemia: Hydrochlorothiazide does not typically cause an increase in magnesium levels. It's more likely to cause magnesium loss through increased urination, potentially leading to hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels) rather than hypermagnesemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Rotate the application site every week (Correct Answer): This is the correct advice. Rotating the application site helps prevent skin irritation and enhances absorption. It's common practice to apply the patch to a different, clean, and hairless area of the skin each time it is changed.
B. The transdermal patch releases nicotine rapidly into the bloodstream: This statement is incorrect. The transdermal nicotine patch is designed to release nicotine gradually over an extended period. It provides a steady, controlled release of nicotine to help manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings.
C. Leave the patch in place for 8 hr each day: The specific duration for wearing a nicotine patch can vary depending on the product. However, it's generally recommended to wear the patch for 16 to 24 hours, depending on the product's instructions. Leaving it on for 8 hours only may not provide adequate coverage for the entire day.
D. The transdermal patch can cause insomnia: While insomnia is a potential side effect of nicotine replacement therapy, including the patch, it is not a universal experience for everyone. Insomnia is more likely to occur if the patch is worn continuously, including during the night. Following proper usage guidelines, such as removing the patch before bedtime, can help minimize this side effect.

A. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach. B. Increase the amount of potassium in your diet. C. "Take the medication before going to bed D. "Weigh yourself on the same day each week

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach:
Furosemide can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food can help reduce stomach upset, so there is no requirement to take it on an empty stomach.
B. Increase the amount of potassium in your diet:
This is the correct answer. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to potassium loss through increased urine output. Supplementing potassium through diet or potassium supplements may be necessary to prevent hypokalemia.
C. Take the medication before going to bed:
Furosemide is often recommended to be taken earlier in the day to avoid disrupting sleep with increased urination during the night. Taking it before going to bed is not a typical recommendation.
D. Weigh yourself on the same day each week:
Regular monitoring of weight is important in clients taking diuretics, but it is typically recommended to weigh daily at the same time each day, not weekly.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of the medication?

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