A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following medications as contributing to this lab value?

Nitroglycerin

Metoprolol

Spironolactone

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason : Nitroglycerin is used to treat angina pectoris and does not typically cause a decrease in potassium levels¹.

Choice B reason : Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure but is not known to significantly affect potassium levels¹.

Choice C reason : Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and would not contribute to low potassium levels; it is more likely to cause hyperkalemia¹.

Choice D reason : Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia by increasing the excretion of potassium in the urine. It is known to contribute to low potassium levels and should be identified as the medication affecting this lab value¹².

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : Anginal pain is commonly triggered by physical exertion or emotional stress, which increases the heart's demand for oxygen. When the narrowed coronary arteries cannot supply enough oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, angina occurs³⁷.

Choice B reason : While sitting up may help relieve discomfort for some conditions, anginal pain is typically relieved by resting or taking prescribed medication such as nitroglycerin, which helps to widen the blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart muscle³⁶.

Choice C reason : This statement is incorrect. Anginal pain does not persist with rest and organic nitrates; these are actually the measures taken to alleviate the pain. Resting decreases the heart's demand for oxygen, and nitrates are effective in relieving anginal pain³.

Choice D reason : Typically, anginal pain does not last longer than a few minutes. If chest pain persists for more than 20 minutes, it may indicate a more serious condition, such as a heart attack, and immediate medical attention is required³.

A. "Fibromyalgia commonly causes migraine headaches." B. "Fibromyalgia causes joint inflammation." C. "Fibromyalgia may cause me to feel chest pain." D. "Fibromyalgia symptoms may worsen depending on the weather."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Fibromyalgia can indeed be associated with migraine headaches. Many individuals with fibromyalgia report experiencing headaches, and migraines are a common comorbidity. The exact link between fibromyalgia and migraines is not fully understood, but it is believed that the same abnormalities in neurotransmitter levels that contribute to fibromyalgia pain may also predispose individuals to migraines¹².

Choice B reason : The statement "Fibromyalgia causes joint inflammation" is incorrect and indicates a need for further teaching. Fibromyalgia does not cause inflammation within the joints. It is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in specific areas, but it does not involve the type of joint inflammation seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis¹². This misconception may arise because the symptoms can be similar to those of arthritic conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are different.

Choice C reason : Fibromyalgia may indeed cause chest pain, which is often referred to as costochondritis when it involves the cartilage of the rib cage. This chest pain can mimic that of a heart attack or other heart conditions, but it is actually a common symptom of fibromyalgia and is related to the tender points in the chest area¹².

Choice D reason : It is true that fibromyalgia symptoms may worsen depending on the weather. Many patients report that their symptoms flare up in response to changes in weather, temperature, and humidity. However, the reasons for this sensitivity are not entirely clear, and research on the subject has produced mixed results¹².

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A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following medications as contributing to this lab value?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of angina pectoris. Which of the following information should the nurse include about anginal pain?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Which of the following client statements indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client about the seven warning signs of cancer. Which of the following signs should the nurse include as manifestations of cancer? (Select all that apply.)

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A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took three nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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