A nurse is admitting a client who has hepatitis C. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement?
Standard
Airborne
Droplet
Contact
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason : Standard precautions are the primary strategy for the prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), standard precautions include hand hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment to prevent contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials¹. Since HCV is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, standard precautions are sufficient for routine care of patients with hepatitis C².
Choice B reason : Airborne precautions are not necessary for hepatitis C as it is not spread through the air. These precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei or dust particles containing the infectious agent, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox¹.
Choice C reason : Droplet precautions are also not required for hepatitis C because it is not spread through droplets in the air. Droplet precautions are used for infections that can be transmitted through large droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or during procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy¹.
Choice D reason : Contact precautions are not specifically required for hepatitis C unless there is a risk of blood contamination. Contact precautions are typically used for infections that are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient's environment, such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, or wound infections¹.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason : Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it helps the body get rid of excess water without causing potassium loss. Therefore, a decreased potassium level would not be expected.
Choice B reason : Spironolactone can lead to hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) and hyponatremia (decreased sodium levels) because it causes the kidneys to excrete sodium while retaining potassium.
Choice C reason : A decreased phosphate level is not a typical finding associated with spironolactone use. Phosphate levels are more commonly affected by renal function and parathyroid hormone levels.
Choice D reason : A decreased chloride level is not specifically associated with spironolactone. While electrolyte imbalances can occur, spironolactone primarily affects potassium and sodium balance.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason : Delegating the NG tube placement to a more experienced nurse does not address the client's refusal of the procedure. The nurse must respect the client's autonomy and decision-making rights.
Choice B reason : While a referral to Social Services may be appropriate in some cases, it does not directly address the immediate concern of the client's refusal of the NG tube placement.
Choice C reason : Seeking consent from the client's spouse is not appropriate as the client is competent and has the right to refuse treatment. The client's autonomy must be respected.
Choice D reason : Documenting the client's wishes and notifying the physician is the correct action. The nurse must respect the client's right to refuse treatment and communicate this decision to the physician so that alternative management can be considered.
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