A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia may demonstrate these positive symptoms (select all that apply) :
Answering questions with nonsensical phrases.
Seeing, hearing, or feeling something that is not really there.
The feeling that external events such as the weather forecast or news story have special meaning for the patient.
Trouble staying on a schedule or finishing what the patient starts.
Inability to socially connect with others.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Choice A reason : Answering questions with nonsensical phrases is a positive symptom of schizophrenia. It reflects disorganized thinking and speech, which can manifest as incoherence or irrelevance in the patient's verbal communication². This symptom can significantly impair the patient's ability to engage in meaningful conversation and is often one of the more noticeable signs of schizophrenia during an assessment³.
Choice B reason : Seeing, hearing, or feeling something that is not really there, also known as hallucinations, are hallmark positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These sensory experiences occur without an external stimulus and can involve any of the senses, although auditory hallucinations are the most common in schizophrenia². Hallucinations can be extremely distressing for patients and can lead to difficulties in distinguishing reality from delusion³.
Choice C reason : The belief that personal significance is attached to trivial or unrelated external events, known as delusions of reference, is another positive symptom of schizophrenia. Patients may believe that messages are being sent to them through the television, radio, or other public means². This can lead to a profound sense of misunderstanding and isolation as the patient navigates a world they perceive as filled with hidden messages meant specifically for them³.
Choice D reason : While trouble staying on a schedule or finishing tasks can be associated with schizophrenia, it is not considered a positive symptom. These issues are more reflective of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, which include avolition or the lack of motivation to initiate and complete goal-directed activities⁴.
Choice E reason : An inability to socially connect with others is also not a positive symptom but rather a negative symptom of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms represent a loss or a decrease in the ability to initiate plans, speak, express emotion, or find pleasure in everyday life⁴. Social withdrawal and impaired social interaction are common negative symptoms that can be mistaken for introversion or depression³.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason : Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it helps the body get rid of excess water without causing potassium loss. Therefore, a decreased potassium level would not be expected.
Choice B reason : Spironolactone can lead to hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) and hyponatremia (decreased sodium levels) because it causes the kidneys to excrete sodium while retaining potassium.
Choice C reason : A decreased phosphate level is not a typical finding associated with spironolactone use. Phosphate levels are more commonly affected by renal function and parathyroid hormone levels.
Choice D reason : A decreased chloride level is not specifically associated with spironolactone. While electrolyte imbalances can occur, spironolactone primarily affects potassium and sodium balance.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A reason : Morphine sulfate is used intravenously in acute heart failure with pulmonary edema because it can reduce preload and afterload, thereby decreasing the work of the heart and improving breathing.
Choice B reason : Administering oxygen is crucial for a client with pulmonary edema to improve oxygenation and relieve symptoms of hypoxia.
Choice C reason : Transporting the client to the coronary care unit is appropriate for continuous monitoring and management of acute heart failure and pulmonary edema.
Choice D reason : While placing the client in a high Fowler's position is recommended to ease breathing, the low Fowler's side-lying position is not typically indicated for pulmonary edema. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice E reason : Inserting a Foley catheter can help monitor urine output, especially important when administering diuretics like furosemide, and manage fluid status.
Choice F reason : Administering furosemide (Lasix), a diuretic, helps to reduce fluid overload and relieve pulmonary congestion in clients with heart failure and pulmonary edema.
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