A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia and is experiencing confusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A reason: Wiping the top of the feeding container with alcohol is not a priority action, as it is not essential for infection control or safety. The nurse should use a sterile technique when opening and handling the feeding container.

Choice B reason: Placing the head of the client's bed at a 30° angle or higher is a priority action, as it can prevent aspiration or regurgitation of the feeding solution into the lungs, which can cause pneumonia or respiratory distress.

Choice C reason: Rinsing the feeding bag with water once the feeding is complete is not a priority action, as it can be done after ensuring that the client has tolerated the feeding well and has no signs of complications.

Choice D reason: Documenting the client's response to the feeding is not a priority action, as it can be done after performing other interventions and assessments that are more urgent and important for the client's well-being.

Choice A reason: Discouraging reminiscing about the past is not a helpful strategy for a client who has dementia and confusion. Reminiscing can stimulate memory, enhance mood, and promote social interaction.

Choice B reason: Asking open-ended questions that encourage the client to express their feelings is not appropriate for a client who has dementia and confusion. Open-ended questions can increase frustration and anxiety for the client who may have difficulty finding words or recalling events. The nurse should use simple, direct, and closed-ended questions instead.

Choice C reason: Using holiday decorations to provide orientation to the time of the year is a beneficial action for a client who has dementia and confusion. Holiday decorations can help the client recognize familiar cues and reduce disorientation.

Choice D reason: Encouraging multiple family members to visit the client at the same time is not advisable for a client who has dementia and confusion. Multiple visitors can overwhelm and agitate the client who may have trouble recognizing faces or voices. The nurse should limit the number of visitors and ensure they are calm and supportive.