A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. Which of the following manifestations indicates an adverse effect of the medication?

Vomiting

Peripheral edema

Headache

Dry mouth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Lactulose is used to treat hepatic encephalopathy in clients with cirrhosis. It works by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the stool, thus reducing its absorption in the intestines and helping to manage hepatic encephalopathy. However, if lactulose is administered too quickly or in excessive amounts, it can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as vomiting.

Lactulose does not cause peripheral edema, headache, dry mouth

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During the first week or last week of a 28-day cycle pack of oral contraceptives increases the risk of contraceptive failure. However, the client should take the missed dose as soon as they remember, even if it means taking two pills in one day. After taking the missed dose, the client should continue taking the remaining pills in the pack at the usual time, one pill per day. Due to increased risk of failure, client should use an emergency pill or condom for the next 7 days
A -stopping the pills and switching to a different contraceptive method is not necessary after missing one dose
B –missing a pill does not automatically indicate pregnancy. Testing can be considered in presence of typical signs and symptoms of pregnancy
C- abstaining from vaginal intercourse until after the next period is not necessary. Risk of pregnancy can be addressed by use of back up contraception like condoms.

A. Draw a trough level immediately prior to administering the medication and peak level 30 min after the dose. B. Draw a peak level at 0900 and a trough level at 2100. C. Draw a peak level 90 min prior to administering the medication and a trough level 90 min after the dose. D. Draw a trough level at 0900 and a peak level at 2100.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Trough levels should be taken immediately to ensure that the drug levels are at the lowest. Peak levels are taken 30-45mins after the infusion as the drug levels rises rapidly reaching a peak level

B, D- The timings of measurement are closely related to the administration of the drug

C- Peak levels are taken after administration and trough levels after an d not vice versa

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A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. Which of the following manifestations indicates an adverse effect of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse at a family practice clinic receives a call from a client who is prescribed oral contraceptives but forgot to take one dose. The client reports she is in the first week of a 28-day cycle pack. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection and a prescription for gentamicin intermittent IV bolus every 8 hr. A peak and trough is required with the next dose. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to obtain an accurate gentamicin serum level?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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