A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Respiratory acidosis
Hypermagnesemia
Hypertension
Hypokalemia
The Correct Answer is D
A. Respiratory acidosis is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea typically leads to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis. Metabolic acidosis occurs due to the loss of bicarbonate through diarrhea, which affects the body’s acid-base balance.
B. Hypermagnesemia is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea is more likely to lead to hypomagnesemia due to the loss of electrolytes through frequent bowel movements, not an increase in magnesium levels.
C. Hypertension is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea generally leads to dehydration and hypotension due to fluid loss rather than high blood pressure.
D. Hypokalemia is correct. Chronic diarrhea causes significant potassium loss, which can result in hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Potassium is lost in the stool, and this depletion can lead to muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Elevated blood pressure: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA. typically does not cause elevated blood pressure. In fact, due to dehydration from increased urination, clients often present with hypotension or normal blood pressure, rather than hypertension.
B. Bounding pulse: A bounding pulse is not commonly associated with DKA. It may be seen with conditions such as fever or sepsis, but DKA is more likely to cause a weak or thready pulse due to fluid volume deficit and dehydration.
C. Fruity breath odor: A fruity or acetone-like breath odor is a hallmark sign of diabetic ketoacidosis. This is caused by the presence of ketones in the blood, which are produced as the body breaks down fat for energy when glucose is unavailable.
D. Clammy skin: Clammy skin is more likely to be associated with hypoglycemia, not DKA. In DKA, the skin is typically dry due to dehydration, and the client may appear flushed, not clammy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Copy of the client's advance directives: While advance directives are important documents, they are typically filed with the medical record, not specifically included in postmortem documentation. The focus for postmortem documentation is on the body and relevant events surrounding the death.
B. Cause of the client's death.: The cause of death is typically recorded in the official death certificate, which is not part of postmortem nursing documentation. The nurse should not make a diagnosis about the cause of death but may note any relevant findings.
C. Last set of the client's vital signs: Vital signs taken at the time of death may be noted as part of the clinical documentation, but they are not specifically part of postmortem documentation. The postmortem documentation should focus on observations regarding the body and its condition.
D. Location of the identification tag on the client’s body: The nurse should document the location of identification tags on the body to ensure proper identification and to prevent confusion or errors in postmortem care. This is an important detail in postmortem documentation.
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