A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer and reports pain 1 hr after administration of prescribed morphine 10 mg IV.
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Fentanyl transmucosal.
Lidocaine patch.
Morphine tablet.
Naloxone IV.
The Correct Answer is A
This is because fentanyl transmucosal is a fast-acting opioid that can be used for breakthrough pain in patients who are already receiving opioids for chronic pain. Breakthrough pain is a sudden and severe increase in pain that occurs despite the use of regular pain medication. Fentanyl transmucosal has a rapid onset of action (1-3 minutes) and a short duration of effect (1-2 hours), which makes it suitable for treating episodic pain.
Choice B. Lidocaine patch is wrong because lidocaine patch is a topical anesthetic that can be used for localized neuropathic pain, but not for acute or severe pain.
Choice C. Morphine tablet is wrong because morphine tablet is a long-acting opioid that can be used for chronic pain, but not for breakthrough pain. Morphine tablet has a slow onset of action (30-60 minutes) and a long duration of effect (3-4 hours), which makes it unsuitable for treating episodic pain.
Choice D. Naloxone IV is wrong because naloxone IV is an opioid antagonist that can reverse the effects of opioids, but not relieve pain.
Naloxone IV can cause
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A therapeutic effect of naloxone is the reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression, which is one of the most dangerous complications of opioid overdose. Naloxone works by binding to opioid receptors, displacing opioids, and restoring normal respiratory drive. An increase in respiratory rate after administration indicates that naloxone is effective.
Choice A is wrong because decreased blood pressure is not a therapeutic effect of naloxone.
In fact, naloxone can cause hypertension (high blood pressure) as a side effect due to opioid withdrawal.
Choice B is wrong because decreased nausea is not a therapeutic effect of naloxone. Nausea is a common side effect of morphine, but naloxone does not affect it directly.
Naloxone can actually cause nausea and vomiting as a side effect due to opioid withdrawal.
Choice D is wrong because increased pain relief is not a therapeutic effect of naloxone.
Pain relief is a desired effect of morphine, but naloxone antagonizes it by blocking the opioid receptors.
Naloxone can cause pain and discomfort as a side effect due to opioid withdrawal.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking beverages while sucking on a nicotine lozenge because this can interfere with the absorption of nicotine and reduce its effectiveness. Some possible explanations for the other choices are:
Choice B is wrong because chewing nicotine gum for 10 minutes before spitting it out is too short.
The recommended duration is at least 30 minutes to allow enough nicotine to be released and absorbed through the lining of the mouth.
Choice C is wrong because changing the nicotine patch every other day is not frequent enough.
The patch should be changed daily and applied to a different skin site to prevent irritation and ensure a steady dose of nicotine.
Choice D is wrong because administering 2 sprays of nicotine nasal spray in each nostril with each dose is too much.
The recommended dose is one spray per nostril, up to five times per hour or 40 times per day.
Using too much nasal spray can cause side effects such as nasal irritation, sneezing, coughing, headache, or nausea.
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