A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal surgical incision and notes an evisceration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Instruct the client to lie supine with his knees flexed.

Position the client in semi-Fowler's position.

Cover the wound with a dry sterile dressing.

Cover the wound with a transparent dressing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Explanation: Evisceration is a surgical emergency that occurs when the abdominal contents protrude through the incision site. The nurse should instruct the client to lie supine with his knees flexed to reduce tension on the wound and prevent further damage.

The nurse should also cover the wound with a moist sterile dressing and notify the surgeon immediately. Positioning the client in semi-Fowler's position, covering the wound with a dry sterile dressing, or covering the wound with a transparent dressing are not appropriate actions for evisceration.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Implement fluid restrictions. B. Monitor vital signs every 8 hr. C. Initiate continuous cardiac monitoring. D. Administer subcutaneous insulin 30 min before meals.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C: Initiate continuous cardiac monitoring.

Choice A rationale:

Implementing fluid restrictions is not recommended for a child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is characterized by severe dehydration due to osmotic diuresis, and fluid replacement is a critical component of treatment to restore hydration and circulatory volume.

Choice B rationale:

Monitoring vital signs every 8 hours is not sufficient for a child with DKA. DKA is an acute, life-threatening condition that requires close monitoring of vital signs to detect changes in the patient’s condition promptly. Vital signs should be monitored more frequently, typically every 1 to 2 hours, depending on the severity of the DKA and institutional protocols.

Choice C rationale:

Continuous cardiac monitoring is recommended for a child with DKA. DKA can lead to serious electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia, which can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous cardiac monitoring allows for the early detection and treatment of these potential complications.

Choice D rationale:

Administering subcutaneous insulin 30 minutes before meals is not appropriate for the acute management of DKA. In DKA, insulin is typically administered intravenously to rapidly decrease blood glucose levels and correct metabolic acidosis. Subcutaneous insulin is not used until the patient is stable and able to eat.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal surgical incision and notes an evisceration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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