A nurse is caring for a client who expresses concern about age gain with age. The nurse should inform the client that weight gain can result from which of the following factors?
Increase in fluid requirements
Decrease in vitamin intake
Increase in protein requirements
Decrease in muscle mass
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Increase in fluid requirements is incorrect. An increase in fluid requirements is more likely to contribute to changes in fluid balance and not necessarily to long-term weight gain. While short-term fluctuations in fluid retention can affect weight, sustained weight gain is not typically attributed to increased fluid intake.
Choice B Reason:
Decrease in vitamin intake is incorrect. While inadequate vitamin intake can have various health implications, direct weight gain is not a typical outcome. However, a poor diet that lacks essential nutrients, including vitamins, can lead to overall health issues, potentially influencing weight management indirectly.
Choice C Reason:
Increase in protein requirements is incorrect. An increase in protein requirements, in itself, is not likely to result in weight gain. However, a diet with an excess of calories, including proteins, can contribute to weight gain. It's essential to consider the overall dietary balance and caloric intake.
Choice D Reason:
Decrease in muscle mass is correct. Decrease in muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, is a common age-related change. As muscle mass decreases, there can be a reduction in metabolic rate, potentially leading to weight gain. Additionally, the loss of muscle may be accompanied by an increase in fat mass, contributing to changes in overall body composition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Rubbing the puncture site with an alcohol pad is inappropriate. Rubbing the puncture site with an alcohol pad can cause vasoconstriction and make it more difficult to obtain a blood sample.
Choice B Reason:
Applying firm pressure to the puncture site is inappropriate. Applying firm pressure can further reduce blood flow to the puncture site, making it more challenging to collect an adequate blood sample.
Choice C Reason:
Wrapping the client's hand in a warm washcloth is appropriate. Applying a warm compress to the puncture site can help dilate the blood vessels and improve blood flow, making it easier to obtain a sufficient blood sample. This is especially beneficial for older adults who may have reduced blood flow to the extremities.
Choice D Reason:
Having the client raise his hand is inappropriate. Raising the hand may not be as effective as applying a warm washcloth in promoting blood flow to the puncture site. The warm washcloth helps to encourage vasodilation and improve the chances of obtaining an adequate blood sample.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
"I should advance my crutches up the step ahead of my unaffected leg." This statement demonstrates correct technique for ascending stairs with crutches. When going up stairs, the client should advance the crutches onto the step first, followed by the unaffected leg.
Choice B Reason:
"I should keep my elbows straight when I am walking with my crutches." The client should maintain a slight bend in the elbows while walking with crutches to provide stability and support.
Choice C Reason:
"I will support my weight on the hand grips of the crutches." The client should not support their weight on the hand grips alone; weight should be distributed through the hands and arms to avoid putting excessive pressure on the axillae.
Choice D Reason:
"When I'm walking around my house with my crutches, it's okay to take my shoes off." It is generally not advisable to walk with crutches without shoes, as wearing shoes provides better support and stability. The client should wear supportive, non-skid footwear while using crutches.
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