A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic

Exhibits

Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.

The nurse should first address the client's

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A. Typical pneumonia: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of typical pneumonia. It typically presents with sudden onset of fever, productive cough with purulent sputum, and pleuritic chest pain. Chest x-rays often show lobar consolidation, which is characteristic of this type.
B. Aspiration pneumonia: Aspiration pneumonia results from inhalation of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the lower airways. It is commonly associated with altered consciousness, swallowing disorders, or vomiting, and is not primarily caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
C. Atypical pneumonia: Atypical pneumonia is usually caused by organisms like Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, or Legionella species. It tends to have a gradual onset with dry cough, low-grade fever, and diffuse infiltrates on imaging, which is different from the presentation of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.
D. Chemical pneumonitis: Chemical pneumonitis is an inflammatory response in the lungs due to inhalation of irritants such as gastric acid or toxic fumes. It is not caused by bacterial infection and therefore is unrelated to Streptococcus pneumoniae.

A. "Discussing organ donation with the family": While organ donation is important, it is not the priority in the setting of an actively dying client. The primary concern at this stage should be addressing the immediate needs of the client and their family, focusing on emotional support and comfort.
B. "Communicating sensitively with the client and family.": When caring for a client who is actively dying, providing emotional support and clear communication with the family is critical. Sensitively addressing the family’s concerns and the client’s comfort is essential in this stage of care.
C. "Creating a plan for pain relief, nutrition, and hydration.": While ensuring pain relief is important, in the context of an actively dying patient, the focus should primarily be on comfort rather than ongoing interventions like nutrition and hydration, which may no longer be beneficial.
D. "Contacting the family's spiritual advisor.": While spiritual support is valuable, it should not be the first priority. Ensuring the client’s comfort and providing emotional support to the family should be prioritized initially, and the spiritual advisor can be contacted afterward if desired.