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A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic

Exhibits

Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.

The nurse should first address the client's
Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C"}

  • Chest pain: Crushing, retrosternal chest pain is highly suggestive of cardiac ischemia or acute coronary syndrome. It requires immediate evaluation due to the risk of myocardial infarction. The presence of fatigue and weakness adds to the urgency. Chest pain is always prioritized due to its life-threatening potential.
  • Visual disturbance: Visual changes may indicate hypertension, hyperglycemia, or neurological issues. While concerning, they are typically not immediately life-threatening. These symptoms can be evaluated after cardiac causes are ruled out. They support further systemic investigation.
  • Fatigue: Fatigue is a nonspecific symptom seen in many chronic conditions like diabetes, anemia, or heart failure. It does not signal an emergency on its own. It may be related to underlying cardiac issues but is not prioritized over chest pain.
  • Increased urination: Polyuria often indicates uncontrolled blood glucose levels or diabetes. It should prompt further testing but does not require immediate intervention. It is a chronic symptom rather than an acute, life-threatening one.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 24 mg/dL: This BUN level is slightly elevated but not critical. It may indicate mild dehydration or increased protein breakdown, but it does not require immediate intervention in the context of SIADH.
B. Serum calcium 8.0 mg/dL: This value is at the lower end of normal. While low calcium levels may cause symptoms like muscle cramps or tingling, they are not the most urgent concern in a client with SIADH.
C. Serum potassium 5.0 mEq/L: This value is at the high end of normal. While potassium levels should be monitored, especially in critically ill clients, this level does not require emergency treatment.
D. Serum sodium 125 mEq/L: This sodium level is significantly low and requires immediate intervention. In SIADH, water retention leads to dilutional hyponatremia. A sodium level this low can cause neurologic symptoms such as confusion, seizures, or coma, making it a priority for urgent management.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ability to target and destroy CD4 lymphocytes: HIV targets and destroys CD4 lymphocytes, which are a key component of the immune system. This destruction weakens the immune system, making the individual more susceptible to opportunistic infections. This is a central feature of HIV's pathogenesis.
B. Conversion of the virus's RNA into DNA: The conversion of HIV's RNA into DNA occurs during replication, but this alone does not cause opportunistic infections. It is the destruction of CD4 cells that leads to the immune suppression and susceptibility to infections.
C. Having reverse transcriptase enzyme: Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that helps HIV replicate its RNA into DNA. While essential for HIV replication, the presence of reverse transcriptase does not directly cause opportunistic infections; it is the result of the viral replication that weakens the immune system.
D. Containing only a single strand of genetic material: HIV contains single-stranded RNA as its genetic material. While this is true, the key factor in causing opportunistic infections is the virus’s ability to destroy CD4 cells, which weakens the immune system.

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