Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (Free-Trial)

A nurse is caring for a client in an outpatient clinic.

Exhibits

Click to highlight the findings that are risk factors for the client developing a complication. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again.

Nurses' Notes

3 months ago:

61-year-old male client presents with reports of dizziness, palpitations, fatigue. and dyspnea with exertion. Reports that dizziness and palpitations started 2 months ago. Fatigue and dyspnea with exertion started 1 week ago. Has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes per day for 40 years.

Past medical history.

History of hyperlipidemia.

Walks at least a mile three times a week. Reports drinking two to three beers each evening

Client reports he follows the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.

Family history.

Biological father has a history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Biological mother has history of renal failure requiring dialysis.

Physical examination:

Weight 88.6 kg (195.3 lb)

Height 170.2 cm (5 ft 7 in)

BMI 30.5

61-year-old male

Has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes per day for 40 years.

History of hyperlipidemia.

Walks at least a mile three times a week.

Reports drinking two to three beers each evening

Client reports he follows the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.

Biological father has a history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension.

Biological mother has history of renal failure requiring dialysis.

BMI 30.5

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","G","H","I"]

Rationale for correct choices

• 61-year-old male: Advanced age and male sex increase the risk of cardiovascular complications such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. Aging contributes to arterial stiffness, reduced cardiac reserve, and higher likelihood of comorbidities, all of which elevate the risk profile for this client.

• Has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes per day for 40 years: Chronic smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Long-term tobacco use promotes endothelial damage, increases LDL cholesterol, and impairs oxygen delivery, significantly increasing cardiovascular risk.

• History of hyperlipidemia: Elevated cholesterol and triglycerides predispose the client to plaque formation in arteries, contributing to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Hyperlipidemia is a key risk factor for complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke, especially when combined with other comorbidities.

• Reports drinking two to three beers each evening: Excessive alcohol consumption contributes to hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias. Chronic alcohol intake can also exacerbate hyperlipidemia and increase the risk of liver disease, compounding cardiovascular and systemic complications.

• BMI 30.5: A BMI above 30 classifies the client as obese, which increases the risk for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Obesity contributes to metabolic syndrome and further stresses the cardiovascular system, making the client more prone to complications.

• Family history: Biological father with hyperlipidemia and hypertension, Biological mother with renal failure: A strong family history of cardiovascular and renal disease increases the client’s genetic susceptibility to these conditions. Inherited risk factors, when combined with lifestyle factors, significantly elevate the likelihood of developing complications such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or stroke.

Rationale for incorrect choices

• Walks at least a mile three times a week: Regular physical activity is protective, not a risk factor, for cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Exercise helps improve lipid profile, blood pressure, and overall cardiovascular health, mitigating some of the client’s other risk factors.

• Client reports he follows the DASH diet: Adhering to the DASH diet is a positive lifestyle behavior that reduces blood pressure, supports heart health, and lowers the risk of stroke or heart disease. It is not a risk factor; rather, it is a mitigating factor against cardiovascular complications.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Fidelity: Fidelity refers to being faithful to commitments and maintaining trust in professional relationships. While important in nursing, it does not specifically relate to equitable distribution of community resources.

B. Autonomy: Autonomy emphasizes respecting an individual’s right to make informed decisions about their own care. Planning a program to ensure equal access addresses fairness, not individual decision-making.

C. Justice: Justice involves fairness in the distribution of resources, benefits, and risks. By ensuring prenatal resources are equally available to all community members, the nurse is practicing the ethical principle of justice and promoting equity in healthcare access.

D. Nonmaleficence: Nonmaleficence focuses on preventing harm to clients. While relevant to all nursing practice, it is not the primary principle guiding equitable allocation of prenatal resources in the community.

A. "You will receive a dose of misoprostol to initiate contractions. B. "I will apply an external fetal heart rate monitor during the test." C. “I will give you a terbutaline injection after the test." D. “I will apply an oxygen face mask during the test

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "You will receive a dose of misoprostol to initiate contractions.": Misoprostol is used for cervical ripening and induction of labor, not for a contraction stress test. A CST uses nipple stimulation or low-dose oxytocin to produce mild contractions. Using misoprostol would create strong, prolonged contractions that could endanger the fetus.

B. "I will apply an external fetal heart rate monitor during the test.": A contraction stress test evaluates how the fetal heart rate responds to contractions. External fetal monitoring is required to record the fetal heart pattern and contraction frequency, allowing the provider to assess for late decelerations that indicate uteroplacental insufficiency. This reflects accurate and essential teaching for the procedure.

C. "I will give you a terbutaline injection after the test.": Terbutaline is a tocolytic used to stop contractions, but it is not routinely administered after a CST. The contractions produced during a CST are mild and temporary, and terbutaline is only given if excessive contractions occur, which is not expected in normal testing.

D. "I will apply an oxygen face mask during the test.": Oxygen is not routinely administered during a CST because the goal is to observe how the fetus tolerates normal physiologic contractions. Oxygen is used only if fetal distress occurs, so including it in routine teaching suggests an incorrect understanding of the procedure.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A public health nurse is planning a prenatal program to ensure that resources are equally available to all community members. Which of the following ethical principles is the nurse practicing?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation about a contraction stress test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client at the clinic. Exhibits Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options. The client is at risk for dropdown as evidenced by dropdown

A nurse is caring for a client who has an acute exacerbation of chronic pain. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering for the client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client reports that she is not feeling well. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is hypoglycemic? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is performing a home safety assessment on a client who has a hip fracture. Which of the following observations should the nurse identify as a safety hazard?

A nurse is assessing the skin turgor of an older adult client. In which of the following areas should the nurse lift the skin?

The nurse has reviewed the Nurses' Notes, Vital Signs, and Laboratory Results from 3 months ago. Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the client's plan of care. Which of the following findings indicate the client's condition has improved? Select all that apply.

A charge nurse in a newborn nursery is providing information to a group of nurses about risk factors for hypoglycemia. Which of the following risk factors should the charge nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled to receive a peripherally inserted central catheter in the arm. Which of the following interventions is appropriate for the nurse to include in the plan of care?