A nurse is caring for a client in a community health clinic who has a new diagnosis of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Which of the following information should the nurse include when teaching the client about the infection?

Having no vesicles prevents the spread of transmission.

Antibiotics are the primary treatment for this infection.

It is a latent infection that may reactivate periodically.

It is recommended any partners receive a vaccine to prevent this infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:
A. Having no vesicles prevents the spread of transmission: HSV-2 can be transmitted even when no visible lesions are present through asymptomatic viral shedding. The client should use barrier protection, such as condoms, during all sexual activity to reduce transmission.

B. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for this infection: HSV-2 is a viral infection, and antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. The mainstay of treatment involves antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir.

C. It is a latent infection that may reactivate periodically: HSV-2 remains dormant in nerve ganglia after the initial infection and can reactivate intermittently, leading to recurrent outbreaks triggered by stress, illness, or immunosuppression.

D. It is recommended any partners receive a vaccine to prevent this infection: There is currently no vaccine available to prevent HSV-2 infection. Prevention relies on consistent condom use, abstaining during outbreaks, and open communication with sexual partners about infection status.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. "Add salt to season foods.": Adding salt can irritate oral mucosa, especially in clients with AIDS who often develop stomatitis or oral candidiasis. Salty foods worsen pain and delay healing of mucosal lesions, so mild, bland foods are preferred.

B. "Eat foods served at hot temperatures.": Hot foods increase discomfort and can further damage already inflamed oral tissues. Clients should instead consume cool or room-temperature foods to soothe irritation and promote better oral intake.

C. "Rinse your mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash.": Alcohol-based mouthwashes dry and irritate the mucous membranes, worsening oral pain and increasing the risk of bleeding or infection. Nonalcoholic rinses, such as saline or baking soda solutions, are safer alternatives.

D. "Use ice chips to numb your mouth.": Sucking on ice chips provides local numbing and temporary pain relief, allowing the client to eat and drink more comfortably. This simple intervention also helps keep the oral mucosa moist and reduces inflammation.

A. "You can obtain a personal response system that will be activated if you fall." B. "You should contact a family member once a week to keep in touch." C. "You can have an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) come to your house daily to stay with you." D. "You need to move to a skilled nursing facility where they can prevent falls."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. "You can obtain a personal response system that will be activated if you fall.": A personal emergency response system allows the client to summon help immediately after a fall, promoting independence and safety for individuals living alone.

B. "You should contact a family member once a week to keep in touch.": Weekly contact provides emotional support but does not ensure timely assistance in the event of a fall. Regular communication is helpful, yet it does not directly reduce fall risk or guarantee safety if an emergency occurs.

C. "You can have an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) come to your house daily to stay with you.": Having a UAP visit daily may not be realistic or necessary, especially for independent seniors. This does not provide continuous supervision or an immediate response in case of a fall occurring outside scheduled visits.

D. "You need to move to a skilled nursing facility where they can prevent falls.": Suggesting relocation is premature and disregards the client’s desire for independence. Fall prevention strategies and assistive technology should be explored before recommending institutional care.

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A nurse is caring for a client in a community health clinic who has a new diagnosis of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Which of the following information should the nurse include when teaching the client about the infection?

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