A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and being treated with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). How does PEEP benefit the client?

It decreases trapped oxygen in the alveoli.

It promotes independent breathing efforts.

It keeps the airways and small lung spaces open.

It facilitates weaning off the mechanical ventilator.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
PEEP does not decrease trapped oxygen in the alveoli. Instead, it helps to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, which can improve oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
PEEP does not directly promote independent breathing efforts. It is a mode of mechanical ventilation used to support a patient’s breathing.
Choice C rationale
PEEP keeps the airways and small lung spaces open by increasing the pressure in the lungs at the end of expiration. This can prevent alveolar collapse and improve oxygenation in patients with conditions like ARDS23.
Choice D rationale
While PEEP can be used in the process of weaning a patient off mechanical ventilation, its primary benefit is not facilitating weaning. It is used to improve oxygenation and prevent alveolar collapse.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While it’s true that appetite and sense of smell are closely linked, the return of appetite does not necessarily mean the return of the sense of smell, especially after a total laryngectomy.
Choice B rationale
The body does not develop an ability to smell through the stoma. The sense of smell is primarily mediated by the olfactory nerve (Cranial Nerve I), which is located in the upper part of the nasal cavity.
Choice C rationale
The sense of smell does not typically return after several months following a total laryngectomy. This is because the surgery involves removal of the larynx and separation of the airway from the mouth, nose and throat.
Choice D rationale
Breathing through a stoma after a total laryngectomy does alter the sense of smell. This is because the nose and mouth are bypassed during breathing, and these are the primary routes for smell.

A. Medication errors are adverse events. B. Errors of execution are usually intentional and occur because of time or resource constraints. C. As many as 90% of medication errors are preventable. D. Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While medication errors are indeed considered adverse events, this statement does not fully capture the scope of patient safety and prevention of harm.
Choice B rationale
Errors of execution are usually unintentional, not intentional. They often occur due to system failures rather than time or resource constraints.
Choice C rationale
It is estimated that as many as 90% of medication errors are preventable. This highlights the importance of safety measures and protocols in healthcare settings to prevent harm to patients.
Choice D rationale
Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors, but they represent only a fraction of the potential safety issues in healthcare.

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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and being treated with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). How does PEEP benefit the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient who reports experiencing an alteration in sense of smell following surgery for a total laryngectomy. The nurse should address the patient’s concern through which of the following responses?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is taking a class about patient safety. Which of the following statements is true regarding patient safety and prevention of harm?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client experiencing shallow respirations and refusing to cough or get out of bed to the chair. The nurse should educate the client about the increased risk of which complication?

A clinic nurse is preparing a lesson for nursing students on the care of patients with viral pharyngitis. What information should be included in the lesson? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is preparing to administer cefaclor 500 mg PO every 12 hours. If the available cefaclor oral suspension is 250 mg/5 mL, how many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

A nurse is working with a colleague who frequently interrupts and dominates during patient care discussions. The nurse wants to address this behavior assertively to ensure effective teamwork. Which response by the nurse demonstrates assertive behavior?

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism (PE). Which of the following is the initial assessment finding in the client diagnosed with PE?

A nurse on a quality control committee is evaluating the effectiveness of recently implemented measures aimed at reducing medication errors. Which methods should the nurse use to evaluate the success of the changes?

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following signs and symptoms of OSA should the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

A nurse is preparing to discharge a patient who is post-operative following a laryngectomy. The nurse should recognize which of the following discharge teaching as the highest priority?