A nurse is caring for a child following an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur and application of a cast. The cast has a window cut in it for viewing of the incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Turn the client so the cast will dry on all sides.

Remove the window and view the incision.

Medicate the client for pain.

Perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

a. Turn the client so the cast will dry on all sides: While ensuring the cast is dry is important, the first priority following a surgical procedure is to assess neurovascular status to detect any

complications.

b. Remove the window and view the incision: Removing the window may compromise the cast's integrity, and the priority is to assess neurovascular status before inspecting the incision.

c. Medicate the client for pain: Pain management is important, but assessing neurovascular status is the initial priority to ensure there are no complications affecting circulation.

d. Perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity: Neurovascular checks are the priority to detect any signs of impaired circulation or nerve function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a. Serum chloride 99 mEq/L: Serum chloride within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

b. Serum calcium 10.5 mg/dL: Serum calcium within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

c. Serum potassium 5.2: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and an elevated serum potassium level is an adverse effect that requires monitoring. The nurse should assess for

hyperkalemia.

d. Serum sodium 140 mEq/L: Serum sodium within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

A. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day. B. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride. C. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet. D. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day: Hyponatremia is a characteristic finding in SIADH, and fluid restriction is a key intervention to correct the imbalance.

b. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride: Infusing hypertonic (3%) saline may be indicated in severe cases of hyponatremia, but the initial step is fluid restriction.

c. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet: Dietary sodium restriction is not the primary intervention for SIADH. Fluid restriction is more critical.

d. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally: Desmopressin acetate is an antidiuretic

hormone and would exacerbate the retention of water, further decreasing sodium levels. It is not the appropriate intervention for this client.

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A nurse is caring for a child following an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur and application of a cast. The cast has a window cut in it for viewing of the incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

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