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A nurse is caring for a 62-year-old female client who was admitted for pain between their shoulder blades.

Exhibits

Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.
The nurse has completed the client's admission history. The client is most likely suffering from
dropdown
as evidenced by the client's
dropdown
.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"B"}

Rationale for correct answers:

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): GERD is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube connecting the mouth and stomach (esophagus). This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of the esophagus and lead to symptoms such as heartburn and pain between the shoulder blades. The client’s report of pain between the shoulder blades and history of hypertension aligns with GERD symptoms.
Severe pain between shoulder blades and history of hypertension: These symptoms indicate the possibility of GERD. The client's pain is exacerbated by activity, which is a common characteristic of reflux pain. Also, a history of hypertension increases the likelihood of GERD due to its association with increased abdominal pressure.

Rationale for incorrect answers (Response 1 Options):

Myocardial infarction: A myocardial infarction (heart attack) would typically present with elevated troponin levels and possibly ST-segment elevation on ECG. The client’s troponin levels are within normal limits (normal troponin I levels are typically less than 0.04 ng/mL) and ECG shows no ST-segment elevation, making this diagnosis less likely.
Aortic dissection: This condition would usually present with severe, sudden chest pain that radiates to the back, and it is a medical emergency. The client's presentation does not fit the acute, severe pain typically associated with aortic dissection, and there is no mention of sudden onset or ripping/tearing sensation.
Musculoskeletal strain: This condition would likely be characterized by localized tenderness and pain with movement. The client denies radiation of pain, and the pain is exacerbated by activity, which can overlap with GERD rather than musculoskeletal strain.

Rationale for incorrect answers (Response 2 Options):

Elevated troponin levels and ST-segment elevation on ECG: These findings are indicative of myocardial infarction. The client’s troponin levels are within normal limits, and the ECG shows sinus rhythm with no ST-segment elevation, making myocardial infarction unlikely.
Heartburn and regurgitation after meals: While these are classic symptoms of GERD, the client's primary complaint is severe pain between the shoulder blades. The absence of these specific symptoms in the client’s report does not support this option as the primary evidence.
Localized tenderness and pain with movement: These symptoms are more characteristic of a musculoskeletal strain. The client's pain does not exhibit localized tenderness, and although it is activity-related, it lacks the hallmark features of a musculoskeletal strain.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Cardiac enzymes, such as troponins, are specific to heart muscle damage. They are not used to diagnose pulmonary congestion, which is typically assessed with a chest X-ray and clinical evaluation.

Choice B rationale

Cardiac enzyme levels indicate the extent of myocardial damage but do not specify the location of the MI. Imaging techniques like ECG or coronary angiography are used to identify the MI location.

Choice C rationale

Elevated cardiac enzyme levels, particularly troponins, indicate myocardial cell injury and help determine the severity of heart tissue damage. Normal troponin I levels are usually less than 0.04 ng/mL.

Choice D rationale

Cardiac enzyme studies do not provide information about heart structure or valve mobility. Echocardiography is the appropriate test for assessing heart structure and valve function.

A. Calcium 10 mg/dL. B. Potassium 2.3 mEq/L. C. Chloride 99 mEq/L. D. Sodium 136 mEq/L. . .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Calcium 10 mg/dL is within the normal range (8.5-10.5 mg/dL) and does not require reporting. This value does not indicate any electrolyte imbalance that would necessitate immediate intervention.

Choice B rationale

Potassium 2.3 mEq/L is significantly below the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), indicating hypokalemia. This condition requires prompt reporting as it can lead to arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and other complications.

Choice C rationale

Chloride 99 mEq/L is within the normal range (98-106 mEq/L) and does not require reporting. This value indicates no chloride imbalance affecting the client's condition.

Choice D rationale

Sodium 136 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L) and does not require reporting. This sodium level is not indicative of any electrolyte disturbance needing immediate medical attention. .

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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