A nurse is assisting with the care of an adolescent.

Exhibits

Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options.

The adolescent is at risk for developing

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evidenced by

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A. The client's left arm is cool to the touch. Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissues, leading to decreased circulation in the area. This results in a cool sensation due to the presence of the fluid outside the vein.
B. The client's left arm is swollen. Swelling occurs as IV fluid accumulates in the surrounding tissues instead of remaining in the vein. This is a common sign of infiltration and indicates that the IV site should be assessed and possibly discontinued.
C. There is a red streak up the client's left arm. A red streak is more indicative of phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein rather than infiltration. Phlebitis often results from irritation due to the IV catheter or the infusing solution.
D. The client reports tenderness at the IV insertion site. Tenderness alone is not a definitive sign of infiltration, as it can also occur with phlebitis or mechanical irritation from the IV catheter. Additional signs such as swelling and coolness are better indicators.
E. The client reports cramping above the insertion site. Cramping is not typically associated with infiltration. It is more commonly seen with certain IV medications that can irritate the vein or cause venous spasm rather than leakage of IV fluids into the tissues.

A. "Our child has increased his daily caloric intake." Methylphenidate is a stimulant that commonly suppresses appetite, leading to decreased caloric intake and potential weight loss. An increase in appetite would not indicate medication effectiveness but might suggest the dose is too low or the medication is wearing off.
B. "Our child is able to complete his homework on time." Methylphenidate is used to improve attention, impulse control, and focus in children with ADHD. The ability to complete tasks, such as finishing homework on time, demonstrates improved concentration and executive functioning, which indicates the medication is working effectively.
C. "Our child has a better grasp of reality." ADHD is not primarily associated with a loss of reality testing, as seen in psychotic disorders. While methylphenidate improves focus and impulse control, it does not target symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations.
D. "Our child has lost some weight since his last appointment." Weight loss is a common side effect of methylphenidate due to appetite suppression. While this can be monitored, it does not indicate medication effectiveness in treating ADHD symptoms.