A nurse is assisting with the care of a client.
Select the 4 responsibilities the nurse has in relation to the client's advance directives.
Communicate advance directives status via the medical record and shift report.
Provide the client with written information about advance directives.
Inform the client that an advance directive discontinues further care.
Instruct the client that an advance directive is a legal document and must be honored by care providers.
Document that the provider discussed do-not-resuscitate status with the client.
Initiate a power of attorney for health care document.
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Communicate advance directives status via the medical record and shift report. The nurse is responsible for ensuring that all members of the healthcare team are aware of the client’s advance directives. Documenting this information in the medical record and shift report helps guide care in accordance with the client’s wishes.
B. Provide the client with written information about advance directives. Clients have the right to receive information about advance directives, including living wills and do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders. The nurse should provide educational materials to help the client make informed decisions.
C. Inform the client that an advance directive discontinues further care. An advance directive does not automatically discontinue all medical care. It provides instructions regarding specific interventions the client wishes to accept or decline, such as resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, or artificial nutrition. The nurse should clarify this to avoid misconceptions.
D. Instruct the client that an advance directive is a legal document and must be honored by care providers. Advance directives are legally binding documents that must be followed by healthcare providers. The nurse should reinforce that the client’s wishes, as stated in the directive, will be respected.
E. Document that the provider discussed do-not-resuscitate status with the client. Proper documentation is essential to ensure the client's preferences regarding resuscitation and end-of-life care are acknowledged and followed. The nurse should record discussions regarding advance directives in the medical record.
F. Initiate a power of attorney for health care document. The nurse does not have the authority to initiate a power of attorney for health care. The client must complete this legal document independently or with legal assistance, and it typically requires notarization or witness signatures. The nurse can provide information about it but cannot create or execute it on the client’s behalf.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I will stop what I am doing and lie down." Stopping activity and resting helps reduce myocardial oxygen demand, which can relieve stable angina. Lying down also minimizes strain on the heart and decreases the risk of injury if the client becomes lightheaded.
B. "I will call the provider after taking one dose of nitroglycerin." Clients with stable angina should take one dose of sublingual nitroglycerin and wait five minutes. If pain persists after three doses taken five minutes apart, emergency medical services should be contacted instead of waiting to call the provider.
C. "I will hold my breath and bear down." The Valsalva maneuver can increase vagal tone, leading to bradycardia and decreased cardiac output, which may worsen angina rather than relieve it. This is not an appropriate response to chest pain.
D. "I will take two 325 milligram aspirin tablets at the same time." While aspirin is beneficial for preventing platelet aggregation, the usual recommended dose for acute chest pain is a single 160–325 mg tablet chewed immediately. Taking two full-dose aspirin tablets is unnecessary and may increase the risk of bleeding.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","F","G","I"]
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Options:
- Yellowing of the eyes: Indicates hepatotoxicity, a serious adverse effect of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. These drugs can cause liver damage, leading to jaundice, which presents as yellowing of the eyes and skin. Liver function tests should be monitored closely.
- Blurred vision: Can result from optic neuritis, a known adverse effect of ethambutol. Ethambutol can damage the optic nerve, causing visual disturbances, including decreased visual acuity and color blindness. Patients should undergo routine eye exams.
- Abdominal pain: May indicate hepatotoxicity from TB medications, particularly isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. Liver inflammation or damage can manifest as right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and loss of appetite. Monitoring liver enzymes is essential.
- Increased bruising: Can result from thrombocytopenia, a hematologic side effect of rifampin. Rifampin can suppress bone marrow function, leading to reduced platelet production, increasing the risk of spontaneous bruising and prolonged bleeding.
- Increased bleeding tendency: Suggests liver dysfunction, as the liver is responsible for producing clotting factors. Rifampin-induced hepatotoxicity can impair clotting mechanisms, increasing the risk of excessive bleeding from minor injuries.
- Darkening of the urine: A common but harmless side effect of rifampin. Rifampin is excreted in bodily fluids, causing orange or red discoloration of urine, sweat, and tears. Patients should be educated on this expected effect to prevent unnecessary concern.
Rationale for Incorrect Options:
- Dry eyes: Not associated with TB medications and may be due to environmental factors or dehydration.
- Weight gain: Unlikely with TB treatment, as these medications typically cause weight loss rather than weight gain.
- Insomnia: Not a significant adverse effect of first-line TB drugs and may be related to the client’s illness or other factors.
- Urinary frequency: Not a common reaction to TB medications, as these drugs do not significantly affect renal function or bladder activity.
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