A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who last used heroin 8 hr ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of opioid withdrawal?

• Prepare client for insertion of 18-gauge peripheral IV prior to surgery: A large-bore IV catheter, such as an 18-gauge, is necessary before surgery to ensure rapid administration of fluids, medications, or blood products if needed during the procedure. It is a measure to support hemodynamic stability during anesthesia and surgery.
• Administer Rh, D immune globin prior to surgery: The client's blood type is B negative. Because an ectopic pregnancy involves fetal tissue, and there's a potential for fetal-maternal blood mixing during the surgery, administering Rh(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) is crucial to prevent Rh sensitization in Rh-negative women who may be carrying an Rh-positive fetus. This is typically given within 72 hours of a potential sensitizing event.
• Obtain a complete blood count: A CBC is critical to assess hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet levels before surgery. This helps the healthcare team anticipate the risk of bleeding and determine if transfusions might be necessary during or after the laparoscopic procedure.
• Explain the surgical procedure to the client: Explaining the surgical procedure is the provider's responsibility, not the nurse's role. The nurse can reinforce teaching and answer basic questions but should not be the primary person explaining the procedure or obtaining informed consent.
• Remind client to be NPO prior to surgery: Maintaining NPO status is essential to reduce the risk of aspiration during anesthesia. The client should avoid eating or drinking for a specified time before surgery, following the facility's preoperative protocol.
• Verify consent form is signed by the client: Verifying that the informed consent form is properly signed is a crucial nursing responsibility before surgery. It ensures legal compliance and confirms that the client has been informed about the procedure, risks, and alternatives.

A. Ask the client's family about cultural or religious practices regarding postmortem care: Respecting the client's and family's cultural and religious preferences is an important aspect of providing dignified and individualized postmortem care. Some practices may have specific rituals that should be honored.

B. Remove the client's dentures from their mouth before rigor mortis begins: Dentures are usually placed back into the client's mouth, not removed, to maintain a natural facial appearance and support the facial structure before rigor mortis sets in.

C. Turn on all the lights in the room before the family views the client's body: Creating a calm, peaceful environment is preferred when the family views the body. Harsh lighting may feel overwhelming or intrusive during such an emotional time.

D. Position the client's bed flat without a pillow under their head: Elevating the head of the bed slightly and placing a pillow under the head can help prevent blood from pooling in the head and face, preserving a more natural appearance. Leaving the bed flat is not ideal.