A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is receiving an IV infusion of dextrose 10% in water. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Choice A reason: Tachycardia, or an abnormally rapid heart rate, is a common finding in circulatory overload due to
the increased volume of blood the heart must pump.

Choice B reason: Weight loss is not typically associated with circulatory overload. In fact, weight gain may occur due
to fluid retention.

Choice C reason: Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, can be associated with circulatory overload as the body attempts to cool down due to the increased blood volume and workload on the heart.

Choice D reason: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a usual finding in circulatory overload. Instead, hypertension may be more likely due to the increased volume of fluid in the blood vessels.

Choice A reason: Cerebral edema is not typically a manifestation of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can cause neurological symptoms due to its effect on nerve transmission, but cerebral edema is more commonly associated with conditions like traumatic brain injury, stroke, or brain tumors.

Choice B reason: Wheezing is a respiratory symptom and is not directly related to hyperkalemia. It is more commonly associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Choice C reason: Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate a gastrointestinal issue but are not a specific sign of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can affect smooth muscle contraction and could potentially lead to intestinal motility issues, but this is not a primary manifestation.

Choice D reason: Decreased deep tendon reflexes can be a manifestation of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia affects the neuromuscular junction and can lead to muscle weakness, which may manifest as decreased reflexes. Normal potassium levels in the blood are typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Hyperkalemia occurs when potassium levels rise above 5.5 mmol/L.