A nurse is collecting data on a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?
Wheezing
Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Hypoactive bowel sounds
Cerebral edema
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes. Hyperkalemia can lead to muscle weakness and decreased reflexes, which is a common manifestation in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Choice A reason:
Wheezing is typically associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), not hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia affects the muscular function and cardiac conduction rather than causing respiratory symptoms.
Choice B reason:
Decreased deep tendon reflexes occur due to the effect of hyperkalemia on the neuromuscular junction and muscle excitability. In hyperkalemia, the resting membrane potential of muscle cells is less negative, which makes them less responsive to stimuli.
Choice C reason:
Hypoactive bowel sounds are generally associated with gastrointestinal issues and are not a direct manifestation of hyperkalemia. While severe hyperkalemia can affect smooth muscle function, it is not typically characterized by changes in bowel sounds.
Choice D reason:
Cerebral edema is not a manifestation of hyperkalemia. It is usually caused by traumatic brain injury, infections, or other neurological conditions. Hyperkalemia primarily affects muscular function and cardiac conduction.
Normal serum potassium levels range from about 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L. Hyperkalemia is defined as serum potassium levels above 5.0 mmol/L.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The pulmonary artery is the large blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for gas exchange. It is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood in the body.
Choice B reason: The pulmonary veins are the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. They are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood in the body.
Choice C reason: The left ventricle is the chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the aorta. It does not directly connect to the lungs.
Choice D reason: The left atrium is the chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins. It does not directly connect to the right ventricle.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dry skin is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. It can be caused by other conditions such as dehydration, eczema, or hypothyroidism.
Choice B reason: Abdominal pain is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. It can be caused by other conditions such as gastritis, appendicitis, or gallstones.
Choice C reason: Diarrhea is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. It can be caused by other conditions such as infection, inflammation, or food intolerance.
Choice D reason: Numbness of fingers is a sign of respiratory alkalosis, as it indicates a low level of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia). Hypocalcemia can result from the alkalosis, as it causes the calcium to bind to proteins and become less available. Numbness of fingers can also affect the toes and lips.
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