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A nurse is assisting with the care of a 1-month-old infant who has neonatal abstinence syndrome and is receiving phenobarbital. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the medication has had a therapeutic effect?

Improved feedings

Restored surfactant

Decreased CNS irritability

Decreased excoriation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

Improved feedings can be a positive sign, but it may not directly indicate the therapeutic effect of phenobarbital.

Choice B reason:

Restored surfactant is not directly related to the action of phenobarbital, which is used to manage symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome.

Choice C reason:

Phenobarbital is a medication that can help alleviate CNS irritability in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Therefore, a decrease in CNS irritability indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication.

Choice D reason:

Decreased excoriation is not a primary effect of phenobarbital. This medication primarily addresses CNS symptoms associated with neonatal abstinence syndrome.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Placing a urine collection device on the infant is not an appropriate method for collecting a stool specimen.

Choice B reason:

Obtaining the specimen by swabbing the infant's rectum using a sterile culture swab is the correct method for collecting a stool specimen from an infant.

Choice C reason:

Maintaining the specimen at room temperature is appropriate after collection until it is transferred to the lab. This is standard procedure for many specimens.

Choice D reason:

Using povidone-iodine-soaked gauze is not a standard method for transferring a stool specimen to the collection container.

A. An adolescent who has pneumonia B. A preschooler who has tuberculosis C. A school-age child who has Haemophilus influenzae type B disease D. An infant who has respiratory syncytial virus

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Pneumonia is typically transmitted through respiratory droplets, and standard precautions are sufficient for preventing its spread.

Choice B reason:

Correct. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that requires contact precautions. This helps prevent the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB.

Choice C reason:

Haemophilus influenzae type B disease is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, so standard precautions are generally sufficient.

Choice D reason:

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, so standard precautions are generally sufficient. However, in some cases, droplet precautions may be recommended for infants and young children with severe RSV infections.

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A nurse is assisting with the care of a 1-month-old infant who has neonatal abstinence syndrome and is receiving phenobarbital. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the medication has had a therapeutic effect?

Nursing Test Bank

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