A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider prescribing to decrease ICP?
Nicardipine
Phenytoin
Dopamine
Mannitol
The Correct Answer is D
A. Nicardipine is a calcium channel blocker primarily used to manage blood pressure but does not directly reduce ICP.
B. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant used to prevent seizures, which may occur after a hemorrhage, but it does not address increased ICP.
C. Dopamine is used to increase blood pressure and cardiac output but does not play a role in reducing ICP.
D. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that helps decrease ICP by drawing fluid from brain tissue into the bloodstream, thus relieving pressure within the skull. It is the most appropriate intervention for managing increased ICP.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dysphagia increases the risk of aspiration, especially when swallowing difficulties are present, making it essential to monitor for signs of aspiration.
B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not directly related to dysphagia from a stroke.
C. Dumping syndrome occurs after certain types of gastric surgery and is not associated with dysphagia post-stroke.
D. Peptic ulcer disease is not a typical complication of dysphagia following a stroke.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Providing a consistent daily routine helps reduce confusion and anxiety in clients with dementia, aiding in their orientation and functioning.
B. Allowing the client to choose activities can lead to frustration or confusion if they are unable to remember options or make decisions, thus requiring structure.
C. Using an overhead loudspeaker may confuse the client and is not effective for communication; it is often better to provide information in person.
D. Posting a written schedule can be helpful but should be combined with a consistent routine for optimal understanding and orientation. Providing a structured environment is crucial for clients with dementia.
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