A nurse is collecting data on a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports there are times when the symptoms are active and times when there are no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?

Primary progressive multiple sclerosis

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Clinically isolating syndrome

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a gradual progression of symptoms without relapses, so this does not match the client's pattern.
B. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is defined by episodes of exacerbation (active symptoms) followed by periods of remission (no symptoms), which aligns with the client's description.
C. Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis follows an initial relapsing-remitting course but leads to a more continuous decline in function, so it does not match the pattern described.
D. Clinically isolating syndrome refers to a single episode of neurological symptoms but does not indicate the pattern of relapses and remissions typical of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The ascending tracts transmit sensory information to the brain, but they do not process the information; that function is performed in the brain itself.
B. This statement accurately reflects the function of the descending tracts, which carry motor signals from the CNS to the muscles, facilitating voluntary movement.
C. Sensory receptors are located in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin and muscles, but not exclusively in the muscles.
D. Motor neurons are located in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system, not in the dermal layer of the skin, where sensory receptors reside.

A. "I will use a thermometer to check the temperature of my bath water." B. "I will wear stockings with elastic tops." C. "I will not go barefoot." D. "I will avoid crossing my legs at the knees."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Using a thermometer to check the temperature of bath water is a safe practice that helps prevent burns, which is important for clients with PVD who may have reduced sensation.
B. Wearing stockings with elastic tops can restrict blood flow and is generally not recommended for clients with PVD; clients should use non-restrictive stockings instead.
C. Not going barefoot is a good practice to prevent injuries and ulcers, which are risks for clients with PVD.
D. Avoiding crossing the legs is advisable as it helps maintain adequate blood flow and reduces the risk of circulation problems.

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A nurse is collecting data on a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports there are times when the symptoms are active and times when there are no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy about the risk for sudden cardiac death. Which of the following client statements indicates to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral arterial disease and reports pain when walking. The nurse should identify that the client can use which of the following herbal supplements to increase pain-free walking distance?

A nurse is caring for a client who recently had a stroke. The client requires assistance with strengthening the affected side. Which of the following referrals should the nurse anticipate the provider to make?

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who was admitted to the telemetry unit after he experienced chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. Which of the following ECG findings is a manifestation of acute myocardial infarction?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has primary dementia. Which of the following manifestations of dementia should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral arterial disease and reports pain when walking. The nurse should identify that the client can use which of the following herbal supplements to increase pain-free walking distance?