A nurse is assisting with teaching a client about the sleep-wake cycle. The nurse should include that which of the following factors can interfere with the sleep-wake cycle?
Drinking caffeinated beverages in the evening
Emotional stress
Bright light
A 20-minute nap during the day
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason : Drinking caffeinated beverages in the evening.Caffeine is a stimulant that can significantly disrupt the sleep-wake cycle. Consuming caffeinated beverages in the evening can lead to difficulty initiating sleep because caffeine blocks the action of adenosine, a chemical that promotes sleep. The effects of caffeine can last several hours, thus affecting the quality and duration of sleep.
Choice B reason : Emotional stress activates the body's stress response, causing the release of hormones like cortisol, which increases alertness and can delay the onset of sleep. Chronic stress can lead to a hyperarousal state, making it difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep.
Choice C reason : Bright light.Exposure to bright light, especially blue light from screens, can interfere with the production of melatonin, the hormone that signals the body to prepare for sleep. This can shift the circadian rhythm and disrupt the sleep-wake cycle, making it harder to fall asleep at the usual time.
Choice D reason : A short nap during the day, typically 20-30 minutes, can be beneficial and usually does not interfere with nighttime sleep. However, longer or later naps can make it more difficult to fall asleep at night.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason : Continue to talk to the client as if they are awake.Even when a client is unresponsive, they may still be able to hear and benefit from hearing a familiar voice. Continuing to talk to the client can provide comfort and reassurance during the end-of-life stage⁷.
Choice B reason : Whisper when talking in the client's room.Whispering can create a sense of secrecy and exclusion. It is important to communicate in a normal tone, respecting the client's presence and dignity⁷.
Choice C reason : Limit the client's visitors to one at a time.Limiting visitors can be appropriate in certain situations to maintain a calm environment; however, it should be based on the client's wishes and needs, not as a general practice⁷.
Choice D reason : Avoid touching the client.Appropriate touch can be comforting to an unresponsive client, conveying care and presence. It should not be avoided unless there is a specific reason to do so, such as pain or discomfort⁷.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason : Denial is the first stage of the Kübler-Ross model of grief. In this stage, individuals believe the diagnosis is somehow mistaken, and cling to a false, preferable reality. It is a defense mechanism that buffers the immediate shock of the loss, numbing us to our emotions.
Choice B reason : Anger is the second stage of grief. As the masking effects of denial begin to wear off, reality and its pain re-emerge. The intense emotion is deflected from our vulnerable core, redirected and expressed instead as anger. The anger may be aimed at inanimate objects, complete strangers, friends, or family.
Choice C reason : Bargaining is the third stage. It involves the hope that the individual can avoid a cause of grief. Usually, the negotiation for an extended life is made with a higher power in exchange for a reformed lifestyle.
Choice D reason : Acceptance is the final stage of grief. In this stage, individuals embrace mortality or the inevitable future, or that of a loved one, or other tragic event. People dying may precede the survivors in this state, which typically comes with a calm, retrospective view for the individual, and a stable condition of emotions.
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