A nurse is assisting with a presentation about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia?

Mannitol

Spironolactone

Hydrochlorothiazide

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Mannitol:
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by increasing the osmotic pressure in the glomerular filtrate, leading to increased urine output. It is not associated with causing hyperkalemia.

B) Spironolactone:
This is the correct choice. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone in the distal tubules of the kidneys, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and increased potassium retention.

C) Hydrochlorothiazide:
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium and water and can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

D) Furosemide:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. It can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

(A) Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) and a high PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg). In this case, the client’s pH is high and PaCO2 is normal, which rules out respiratory acidosis.

(B) Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH (>7.45) and a low PaCO2 (<35 mm Hg). Although the client’s pH is high, the PaCO2 is normal, which rules out respiratory alkalosis.

(C) Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) and a low bicarbonate level (<22 mEq/L). The client’s pH and bicarbonate levels are both high, which rules out metabolic acidosis.

(D) Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH (>7.45) and a high bicarbonate level (>26 mEq/L). The client’s pH is 7.6 and bicarbonate level is 32 mEq/L, both of which are higher than normal. This indicates metabolic alkalosis. Therefore, the nurse should identify that the client is experiencing metabolic alkalosis.

A. Increase in postoperative pain B. Reduced postoperative anxiety C. Reduced postoperative respiratory function D. Increased length of postoperative care in the health care facility

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increase in postoperative pain: Preoperative teaching typically includes information about pain management strategies, which should help to reduce, not increase, postoperative pain.

B. Reduced postoperative anxiety: This is correct. One of the key benefits of preoperative education is reduced anxiety. By understanding what to expect before, during, and after surgery, patients are often less anxious about the procedure.

C. Reduced postoperative respiratory function: Preoperative teaching usually includes instructions on deep breathing and coughing exercises to help prevent respiratory complications after surgery. Therefore, it should improve, not reduce, postoperative respiratory function.

D. Increased length of postoperative care in the health care facility: Preoperative education has been shown to reduce the length of hospital stay. By better understanding their surgery and postoperative care, patients are often able to recover more quickly and leave the hospital sooner

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A nurse is assisting with a presentation about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client. The client's ABGs are: PH: 7.6 PaCO2: 40 mm Hg HCO3,: 32 mEq/L Which of the following acid base conditions should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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