A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which of the following solutions should be administered with PRBCs?

0.9% sodium chloride

Dextrose 5% in water

Lactated Ringer's

Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: 0.9% sodium chloride or normal saline is the only solution that should be administered with PRBCs, as it has an isotonic osmolarity and pH that are compatible with blood products and can prevent hemolysis or clotting.

Choice B reason: Dextrose 5% in water or D5W should not be administered with PRBCs, as it has a hypotonic osmolarity that can cause hemolysis or rupture of red blood cells due to osmotic pressure.

Choice C reason: Lactated Ringer's or LR should not be administered with PRBCs, as it contains calcium and lactate that can interfere with blood coagulation and cause clotting or embolism.

Choice D reason: Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride or D5½NS should not be administered with PRBCs, as it has a hypotonic osmolarity that can cause hemolysis or rupture of red blood cells due to osmotic pressure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Having a bologna sandwich is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as bologna is a processed meat that contains high amounts of sodium and saturated fat, which can raise blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

Choice B reason: Seasoning food with vinegar is a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as vinegar is a low-sodium condiment that can add flavor and acidity to food without increasing blood pressure.

Choice C reason: Seasoning food with ketchup is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as ketchup is a high-sodium condiment that can increase blood pressure and fluid retention.

Choice D reason: Having canned soup is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as canned soup is a high-sodium food that can increase blood pressure and fluid retention. The client should choose low-sodium or homemade soup instead.

A. Recent onset of confusion B. Cool, clammy skin C. Decrease in pulse rate D. Increase in blood pressure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A: This is correct. Dehydration can cause electrolyte imbalance and affect the brain function, leading to confusion, dizziness, or lethargy.

Choice B: This is incorrect. Cool, clammy skin is a sign of shock, not dehydration. Dehydration can cause dry, warm skin.

Choice C: This is incorrect. Decrease in pulse rate is a sign of bradycardia, not dehydration. Dehydration can cause increase in pulse rate as the body tries to compensate for the low blood volume.

Choice D: This is incorrect. Increase in blood pressure is a sign of hypertension, not dehydration. Dehydration can cause decrease in blood pressure as the blood volume drops.

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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which of the following solutions should be administered with PRBCs?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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