A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which of the following solutions should be administered with PRBCs?
0.9% sodium chloride
Dextrose 5% in water
Lactated Ringer's
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: 0.9% sodium chloride or normal saline is the only solution that should be administered with PRBCs, as it has an isotonic osmolarity and pH that are compatible with blood products and can prevent hemolysis or clotting.
Choice B reason: Dextrose 5% in water or D5W should not be administered with PRBCs, as it has a hypotonic osmolarity that can cause hemolysis or rupture of red blood cells due to osmotic pressure.
Choice C reason: Lactated Ringer's or LR should not be administered with PRBCs, as it contains calcium and lactate that can interfere with blood coagulation and cause clotting or embolism.
Choice D reason: Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride or D5½NS should not be administered with PRBCs, as it has a hypotonic osmolarity that can cause hemolysis or rupture of red blood cells due to osmotic pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Urinating before and after sexual intercourse can help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urinary tract during sexual activity, and prevent them from causing an infection.
Choice B reason: Increasing milk consumption to make the urine more alkaline is not a recommended instruction, as it may increase the risk of developing kidney stones or calcium deposits in the urinary tract.
Choice C reason: Emptying the bladder at least every 4 hours is a good practice, but not sufficient to prevent urinary tract infections. The nurse should also advise the client to drink plenty of fluids, especially water, to dilute the urine and flush out bacteria.
Choice D reason: Using vaginal douche once a week is not a recommended instruction, as it may alter the normal flora of the vagina and increase the risk of infection. The nurse should advise the client to avoid using any products that may irritate the genital area, such as perfumed soaps, sprays, or powders.
Choice E reason: Drinking cranberry juice daily is not a proven method to prevent urinary tract infections, although some studies suggest that it may have some benefits. The nurse should inform the client that cranberry juice may interact with some medications, such as warfarin, and that it may also increase the acidity of the urine, which can cause discomfort or burning sensation.
Correct Answer is d,b,e,a,c
Explanation
The sequence the nurse should use to administer the medication using the Z-track technique is:
- Step 1: Put on gloves and cleanse the site with an antiseptic swab.
- Step 2: Use the nondominant hand to pull the skin and subcutaneous tissue 2.5 cm (1 in) laterally.
- Step 3: Insert the needle into the muscle.
- Step 4: Aspirate by pulling back on the plunger and inject the medication.
- Step 5: Remove the needle and release the tissue.
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