A nurse is assisting in the care of a client at 10 weeks of gestation who asks how the biological sex of the fetus is determined. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
"Biological sex is determined when the zygote experiences implantation"
“Biological sex is determined by the specific combination of sex chromosomes present in the DNA.”
“Biological sex is determined when cell division takes place within the foramen ovale”
"Biological sex is determined when the blastocyst forms during fertilization."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Implantation of the zygote does not affect the determination of biological sex. The biological sex is already determined at the time of fertilization.
B. Sex chromosomes (XX for female and XY for male) determine biological sex. This combination is established at fertilization when the sperm and egg combine to form the zygote.
C. The foramen ovale is a hole in the fetal heart that allows blood to bypass the lungs in utero and is unrelated to the determination of biological sex.
D. The blastocyst formation is an early developmental stage after fertilization but does not determine biological sex. It is the combination of sex chromosomes that determines whether the fetus is male or female.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The lungs are bypassed by the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation, not the ductus venosus.
B. The heart is a critical pumping organ, so no blood is diverted away from it in fetal circulation.
C. The kidneys process blood, but fetal blood bypasses the liver via the ductus venosus rather than the kidneys.
D. The ductus venosus allows oxygen-rich blood from the umbilical vein to bypass the liver and flow directly into the inferior vena cava, ensuring that well-oxygenated blood reaches vital fetal organs, such as the brain and heart, more efficiently.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A. Prevents the fetal skin from drying out is correct. Amniotic fluid plays a protective role by keeping the fetal skin moist, preventing it from drying out.
B. Allows for symmetrical growth of the fetus is correct. Amniotic fluid helps ensure that the fetus has adequate room to grow and develop symmetrically, preventing physical restrictions.
C. Helps maintain an even temperature is correct. Amniotic fluid helps regulate the temperature around the fetus, protecting it from fluctuations in the external environment.
D. Separates the maternal and fetal blood is incorrect. Amniotic fluid does not separate maternal and fetal blood. This function is carried out by the placenta, which serves as a barrier between maternal and fetal blood.
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